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Mobile Learning, Social Learning

Mobile Learning, Social Learning. Joanne Jacobs Australasian Cooperative Research Centre for Interaction Design (ACID). Scope of the Seminar. ACID and Interaction Design Principles Definitions and Trends Learning Case Studies: Mobile Learning with SCOOT

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Mobile Learning, Social Learning

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  1. Mobile Learning, Social Learning Joanne Jacobs Australasian Cooperative Research Centrefor Interaction Design (ACID) Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  2. Scope of the Seminar • ACID and Interaction Design Principles • Definitions and Trends • Learning Case Studies: • Mobile Learning with SCOOT • Geographically dispersed learning with Indigenous Communities • Public issues education with Recycled Water, Daylight Savings and Industry successes • BREAK • Potential of Web 2.0 in industrial contexts • Adaptation and deployment in Scottish contexts Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  3. ACID • ACID is a Commonwealth funded coalition of Universities and companies interested in conducting applied research for the purpose of developing prototype methodologies and technologies for commercialisation • So far, major successes have included development of an award-winning Diversionary Therapy device for children undergoing treatment for burns, as well as mobile phone applications for Nokia and archives of Australian Indigenous Heritage. Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  4. ACID’s Interaction Design Principles • Strong focus on ‘Human Design Matrix’ (HDM) • a combination of user-centred design principles as well as understanding contexts for deployment of technology-mediated experiences • Growing advocacy in ACID for ‘Experience Design’ • derived in part from the open source community, where collective production and publishing is generating more positive outcomes for participants Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  5. Experience Design • Representation and simulation(of learning content) • Communication enablers(for the reception of content) • Logic design(support for content) • Feedback qualities(Interaction with content) • Identity and relationships(representations of the user/s) Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  6. ACID HDM Matrix Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  7. Designing for learning • History of interaction and education design: • KLA oriented • User-centred (but still top-down approach) • ‘Natural born cyborgs’ (Clarke 2003) • Experience oriented, user-led design (evolving) • Facilitating access and conversations with alternative sources is now key • Learning on the move needs to consider the ‘natural use’ of mobile and social technologies Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  8. Definitions and trends … just to ensure we’re all on the same page here… Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  9. Definitions 1: Web 2.0 Web 2.0 Web 2.0 is the network as platform, spanning all connected devices; Web 2.0 applications are those that make the most of the intrinsic advantages of that platform: delivering software as a continually-updated service that gets better the more people use it, consuming and remixing data from multiple sources, including individual users, while providing their own data and services in a form that allows remixing by others, creating network effects through an ‘architecture of participation,’ and going beyond the page metaphor of Web 1.0 to deliver rich user experiences. SOURCE: O’Reilly Radar, http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2005/10/web_20_compact_definition.htmlFor further details, see: http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  10. Definitions 2: Perpetual Beta Beta, beta release, perpetual beta A concept drawn from programming, where an application or content document is in an ‘unfinished’ state. In the case of an application, it usually represents the first version with all features functional, but possibly in an unstable or evolving state. An entity is said to be in a state of perpetual beta when a document or service is constantly evolving as a result of user engagement. Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  11. Trends • Growth in use of mobile devices • Growth in number of blogs tracked • Growth in peer oriented sources in educational research and activity Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  12. Growth of portable mobile devices Estimated growth of portable media devices, Source: Parks Associates 2005, http://www.clickz.com/stats/sectors/entertainment/article.php/3516986 Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  13. Growth of blogs tracked Source: Technorati State of the Blogosphere, October 2006http://www.sifry.com/alerts/archives/000443.html Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  14. Growth of peer-oriented sources in educational research Source: Alexa Wikipedia traffic ranking http://alexa.com/data/details/traffic_details?url=wikipedia.org Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  15. Case Studies in Learning Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  16. Case Study 1: Mobile Learning • Learning is active • Learning is in context • Learning is embedded in the everyday experience with the everyday tools. • Learning content is dynamically received, created and shared. • Eliminates the gap that currently separates the technologies of instruction and entertainment. • Mobile learning connects people, places and things Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  17. A family recently participating in the SCOOT mobile treasure hunt. This event held in September 2006 took family groups on a discovery of facts and fictions through the Melbourne Museum, The State Library of Victoria and Federation Square Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  18. Mother and Daughter participating in SCOOT 2006 at the State Library of Victoria. Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  19. QUT Communication Design Students working on SCOOT while waiting at the airport.http://www.flickr.com/photos/scootgame Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  20. Mobile learning Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  21. Case Study 2: Heritage Learning • Strong need to capture stories and history of Indigenous Communities in Australia • Entire languages and dialects dying out • Culturally sensitive process – some Indigenous communities regard various forms of capture as ‘stealing the soul’ • Verbal or written histories not sufficient to articulate the process of experiencing the land (hence, experience design). Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  22. Demonstration: Songlines • Digital Songlines is a living archive of indigenous communities in Australia, built on a gaming engine and recording details of communities • As Songlines is being developed, several products are emerging as collections from the work DEMO: Vincent’s World, Irene’s World Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  23. Heritage Learning Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  24. Songlines in Commercial Context • Whilst the Songlines project is a ‘Cultural Ark’ for indigenous heritage there ARE commercial opportunities: • Mining, infrastructure development and property development require cultural heritage research (commercial research) • Reconciliation between culturally diverse communities requires mediation in a shared protocol (legal mediation and dispute resolution) • Marketing of Australia for tourism purposes (more visitors want an indigenous experience of Australia than is achieved) Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  25. Case Study 2: Public Issues Learning • Public education long been regarded as within the purview of government and non-profit marketers • These bodies aware that users increasingly seek answers online or wish to learn at their own pace • Public expectation of RAPID response to issues • Public expectation of engagement and consultation on issues • Three examples considered: • Queensland Water Commission • Daylight Saving in South Eastern Queensland • Addressing morale problems in a public hospital in Brisbane Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  26. Queensland Water Commission • Water facts: • All water is freshly sourced in Queensland, from catchment dams • Current water storage in South East Queensland is at 22.9% • In December 2008 Queensland will run out of water • Referendum on recycled water in regional area, Toowoomba, was rejected • QWC set up to investigate ways to save water, educate community and consult with community on recycled water options Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  27. QWC Strategy • Introduce a blog with Pro-blogger and Anti-blogger stances on recycled water, plus QWC-blogger (aka fence sitter) • Write stories for press, develop podcasts and v-casts for raising profile • Encourage ‘network stars’ to be participants in blog • Enforce minimum number of posts per day for bloggers (workflow management) • Engage full-time moderator for governance Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  28. Daylight Savings in SEQ • DLS facts: • Queensland only state in Australia without DLS • State is vast, with more than an hour’s difference in light movements across the state • History of resistance to DLS due to heat issues and absurd suggestions from former Premier • Current Premier said to be ‘considering’ splitting the state in to two time zones • Several online campaigns for state-wide adoption ignored or failed. SEQ DLS campaign begun to address concerns of all interested parties Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  29. SEQ DLS Experience • Introduced an online petition, supported by existing local government Councillor. • Emailed petition to friends network. This generated a viral marketing campaign. • When southern states adopted DLS and problems arise with differing time zones, media pick up the campaign. • After media blitz, signatures rise from a few hundred to over 10,000 in the space of 3 weeks. • Now, voluntary force on DLS established. Referendum (or plebiscite) on political agenda for 2007. Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  30. Mater Hospital Blog • Hospital facts: • Divisions spread geographically over a number of physical sites • Departments often devoting resources to solving the same problem quite independently • Low morale due to success stories not being communicated throughout the workforce • Poor communications across specialist areas • Mater Hospital blog and public displays set up to address communications problems Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  31. Mater Blog Strategy • Introduce a blog with representatives from various divisions (doctors, nurses, maintenance staff, marketing, research and patients’ advocacy). • Install large screen public displays in staff recreation areas to display blog posts on morphing cycle. • Encourage hospital workers from all divisions to participate in blog comments through poster education campaign sited near public displays. • Enforce minimum number of posts per week for bloggers, but maximum 100 words per post for fast communication. Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  32. Public Issues Learning Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  33. Case Study Implications • Mobile and social software widely identified as desirable media for facilitation of learning, but limited success in deployment… so far. • Case studies in learning indicating experience design is preferable to traditional education and interaction design methods. • Design of learning needs to acknowledge existing uses of emerging technologies, and permit user agency over experiences in order to reflect meaningfully on learning. Temporal costs affect acceptance, but perceived value of ongoing social engagement is sustained across case studies. Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  34. BREAK Morning Tea (No Vegemite, I promise) Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  35. Web 2.0 Deployment in commercial contexts Or, how to use social software to manage organisational knowledge and promote learning Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  36. Items to be addressed • Why consider adding Web 2.0 functionality to company offerings? • What are the applications of Web 2.0? • Possible applications of Web 2.0 in example business areas. Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  37. Rise of ‘Web 2.0’ • Web 2.0 software and technologies arose as a means of solving a publishing and accessibility problem, whilst accommodating social communications • Web 2.0 not technically different from Web 1.0, just delivering on the promise of the “markets are conversations” ideals of technology advocates (see The Cluetrain Manifesto) Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  38. What’s new about Web 2.0? • Engaging stakeholders in decision making • Allocating tasks based on skill sets and expertise rather than as a role in an employment environment • Generative tools to denote ‘hot’ topics • A culture of critical debate and engagement • Produces a sense of trust in the publisher • Evolving “correctness” of data Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  39. Why Web 2.0 at Your Company? • Growing expectations among consumers for value additions to standard content channels • More audiences trusting ‘user-generated’ content and regard this as evaluative of professionally produced content • There is a need to ensure companies have a document trail of all communications for corporate reporting Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  40. Web 2.0 Applications • Blogs, wiki and other personally developed content, delivered as web content and through RSS • Content aggregators based on user-generated content and social linkages (eg: social bookmarking, flickr, YouTube, MySpace) • ‘Mashups’ of multiple existing applications, providing new meaning for consumers Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  41. User generated content • Value: reduces cost of production of knowledge for specific groups • Value: cross-linking of expertise based on context; provides an opportunity to grow links between users from different disciplines • Value: problem solving occurs through the ‘wisdom of crowds’ concept of engaging stakeholders more effectively Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  42. Example: MySpace Business Entrepreneurs’ forum for sharing documentation and discussion on running new businesses with innovative solutions Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  43. Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  44. Industrial adoption • Training programs in communication and news reporting on new strategies • Possible company network of cooperative firms • Business continuity forum on solutions for various problems • Development of advocacy network Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  45. MySpace versus Google (Visits) Source: Hitwise, MySpace Moves Into #1 Position for all Internet Sites Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  46. YouTube, Flickr Reach Source: Alexa, cited in Google, You Tube & Dark Side Of Online Video, Om Malik Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  47. Why so successful? • Users want a context to exhibit • Users wish to have their evaluations heard • Users wish to feel part of elite, and technologically adept networks Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  48. Can your company adopt? • MySpace drives traffic through WOM marketing and through social linkages between participants • Process involves providing users with a simple interface for adding content and allowing them to have control over content: immediacy is crucial • Few technological skills required to adopt; need a decision on governance. Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  49. Example: Blogs and wiki Opinion leaders in the blogosphere and knowledge base entry creation Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

  50. Urban Learning Space Seminar 25 January 2007

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