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Memorandum Submitted t o the UK APPG-PDRH By APHRC, Nairobi, Kenya

The Effects of Population Growth on the Achievement of the MDG on Child Mortality in Urban Sub-Saharan Africa. Memorandum Submitted t o the UK APPG-PDRH By APHRC, Nairobi, Kenya Dr Jean-Christophe Fotso, Dr Alex Ezeh Dr Nyovani Madise, and Mr James Ciera London, UK, June 5, 2006.

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Memorandum Submitted t o the UK APPG-PDRH By APHRC, Nairobi, Kenya

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  1. The Effects of Population Growth on the Achievement of the MDG on Child Mortality in Urban Sub-Saharan Africa Memorandum Submitted to the UK APPG-PDRH By APHRC, Nairobi, Kenya Dr Jean-Christophe Fotso, Dr Alex Ezeh Dr Nyovani Madise, and Mr James Ciera London, UK, June 5, 2006

  2. Is SSA on Target to Meeting the MDG? -13% -67% Current and projected trends in under-five mortality in SSA Source: UNICEF (data online)

  3. Why Should we Focus on Urban Areas? • Urban explosion amidst declining economies • 15% in 1950; 32% in 1990; 54% in 2030 • Urban population growth of 4.7% in 1980-2000 • Decline in per capita GDP by 0.8% • Increasing proportion of urban dwellers living below the poverty line in slums and shantytowns • Unsafe drinking water and poor environmental sanitation • Limited access to health facilities • Increased susceptibility of slum children to various health problems

  4. The Evidence

  5. Implications • Failing to target the urban poor: • Pulling down of national average of health indicators • Move countries away from achieving the MDG on child mortality • Newly assembled evidence indicates: • Gradual shift in the locus of poverty from rural to urban areas • Higher levels of morbidity and mortality among urban poor children than among their rural counterparts (Nairobi, Kenya)

  6. Case Study in Nairobi, Kenya

  7. Poor-rich fertility gaps Source: Kenya DHS 2003

  8. Conclusion • SSA is not on target to meet the MDG on child mortality • Arouse attention and commitment on urban population growth in SSA and the associated growing urban poverty • Commitment of APHRC to: • Improving the well-being of populations through policy-relevant research on population & health • Key area of work: Clarifying the changing linkages between urbanization, poverty and health in SSA

  9. Thank you

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