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Westward Movement

Westward Movement. How do you look at barriers?. Roads, Turnpikes and Rivers.

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Westward Movement

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  1. Westward Movement How do you look at barriers?

  2. Roads, Turnpikes and Rivers • 1st Census in 1790, pop. Almost 4 mil., most lived east of Appalachian Mtns, changed people headed west, 1820 census pop. More than doubled, 2mil. West of Appalachians, traveling from NYC to Buffalo took 3 wks and very dangerous • Needed good roads, private companies built turnpikes, a gated roadway where they charged a fee for use, covered muddy areas w/ logs called corduroy roads • When OH became a state in 1803 asked for a road to connect, 1806 approved funds, opened in 1818, reached Vandalia, IL, main idea military reasons • River travel easier than bumpy, muddy roads, barges could head down stream w/ current, most rivers flowed north to south not east to west, upstream travel difficult and slow • Steam engines used on calm water by Rumsey and Fitch neither could over come the current, 1802 Robert Fulton developed a steam powered boat that sailed from NYC to Albany in 1807 in 32 hrs instead of 4 days, beat sail boats, boat called Clermont, increased river cities like Cincinnati and St. Louis

  3. Canals • Steamboats were a great improvement, depended on existing river system, could not effectively go East and West • In NY De Witt Clinton and other came up with a way to link NYC and the Great Lakes by building a canal, connecting Hudson River to Lake Erie • 1,000’s of laborers mostly Irish immigrants built the 361 mile Erie Canal, built locks to raise and lower over high points, 2 yrs of digging, open 10/26/1825, Clinton boarded barge in Buffalo went by canal to Albany and Hudson to NYC • Originally no powered carry boats, barges pulled by mules, two mules could carry a 100 ton barge 24 miles in one day, 1840’s began allowing steam boats • Canals built everywhere by 1850 3,600 miles of canals, brought prosperity and unity

  4. Settlement • Americans moved west in waves, 1st wave in 1790’s, 4 new states between 1791 and 1803; VT, KY, TN and OH; 2nd wave 1816-1821 5 new states; IN, IL, MS, AL and MO • Dramatic growth OH in 1800(45,000) 1820(581,000) • Settled in communities along rivers for trade, canals opened up more land • Settled w/ like minded people IN settled by KY and TN; MI settled by NE • Gathered together for social events, like corn husking, barn raising and quilting bees • Felt opportunity for a new life

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