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Engineering Problem Solving with C

Engineering Problem Solving with C. Fundamental Concepts Chapter 1 Engineering Problem Solving. Computing Systems: Hardware and Software. A computer is a machine designed to perform operations specified with a set of instructions called a program.

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Engineering Problem Solving with C

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  1. Engineering Problem Solving with C Fundamental Concepts Chapter 1 Engineering Problem Solving Etter/Ingber

  2. Computing Systems: Hardware and Software • A computer is a machine designed to perform operations specified with a set of instructions called a program. • Hardware refers to the computer equipment. • keyboard, mouse, terminal, hard disk, printer • Software refers to the programs that describe the steps we want the computer to perform. Etter/Ingber

  3. Computer Hardware • CPU - Central processing unit • ALU - Arithmetic and logic unit • ROM - Read only memory • RAM - Random access memory Internal Memory External Memory CPU Processor Input Output ALU Etter/Ingber

  4. Computer Software • Operating System - Provides an interface with the user • unix, windows, linux, ... • Software Tools • word processors (MicrosoftWord, WordPerfect, ...) • spreadsheet programs (Excel, Lotus1-2-3, ...) • mathematical computation tools (MATLAB, Mathematica, ...) • Computer Languages • machine language • assembly language • binary language • high level languages (C, C++, Ada, Fortran, Basic, java) Etter/Ingber

  5. Executing a Computer Program Input data • Compiler • Converts source program to object program • Linker • Converts object program to executable program Compile Machine language program Link/load Execute C language program Program output Etter/Ingber

  6. Key Terms • Source Program • printable/Readable Program file • Object Program • nonprintable machine readable file • ExecutableProgram • nonprintable executable code • Syntax errors • reported by the compiler • Linker errors • reported by the linker • Execution/Run-time errors • reported by the operating system • Logic errors • not reported Etter/Ingber

  7. The C Programming Language • General purpose, machine-independent language • Developed at Bell Labs in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie • American National Standards Institute(ANSI) approved ANSI C standard in 1989 Etter/Ingber

  8. An Engineering Problem-Solving Methodology • 1. PROBLEM STATEMENT • 2. INPUT/OUTPUT DESCRIPTION • 3. HAND EXAMPLE • 4. ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT • 5. TESTING Etter/Ingber

  9. First Program - sum two numbers /******************************************************************/ /* Program chapter1 */ /* */ /* This program computes the sum two numbers */ #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { /* Declare and initialize variables. */ double number1 = 473.91, number2 = 45.7, sum; /* Calculate sum. */ sum = number1 + number2; /* Print the sum. */ printf(“The sum is %5.2f \n”, sum); /* Exit program. */ return 0; } /***************************************************************************/ Etter/Ingber

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