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Jupiter & Saturn

Jupiter & Saturn. Lecture 22. Jupiter & Saturn at glance. As seen from the Earth. As seen from the space. Differential Rotation. Solid rotation typifies the terrestrial planets: Every part of the object takes exactly the same time to complete one rotation.

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Jupiter & Saturn

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  1. Jupiter & Saturn Lecture 22

  2. Jupiter & Saturn at glance

  3. As seen from the Earth

  4. As seen from the space

  5. Differential Rotation Solid rotation typifies the terrestrial planets: Every part of the object takes exactly the same time to complete one rotation. Differential rotation typifies Jupiter and Saturn: Particles at different locations in the fluid take different lengths of time to complete one rotation.

  6. The Great Red Spot lies within a white zone. A dark belt has encroached on the Great Red Spot. The Great Red Spot again lies within a white zone. White ovals (a) Pioneer 11, December 1974 (b) Voyager 2, July 1979 (c) HST, February 1995

  7. Winds on the north side of the Great Red Spot flow westward. Turbulence downwind of the Great Red Spot Winds within the Great Red Spot circulate counterclockwise. Winds on the south side of the Great Red Spot flow eastward. Great Red Spot of Jupiter 20,000 km Earth’s diameter

  8. Regularities in Jupiter’s Atmosphere http://bcs.whfreeman.com/webpub/astronomy/Videos/MotionsofJupitersAtmosphere_clearSkin_3/MotionsofJupitersAtmosphere.html

  9. Great Red Spot is a strong massive storm

  10. Saturn has lower atmospheric temperatures than Jupiter. Saturn has weaker surface gravity than Jupiter, so its cloud layers are more spread out. Atmospheres

  11. Internal Structure

  12. Jupiter’s Magnetic Field

  13. Saturn’s Magnetic Field

  14. Saturn’s Ring

  15. Shaping a ring http://bcs.whfreeman.com/webpub/astronomy/Videos/ShapingSaturnsFRing_clearSkin_3/ShapingSaturnsFRing.html Gravitational effects carve gaps in the rings and focus ring particles into narrow ringlets.

  16. Changing Appearance of Saturn’s Ring

  17. Jupiter has a ring too! • Saturn’s ring = icy fragment • Jupiter’s ring = rocky particles

  18. Spokes in the Saturn’s Ring Voyager 2 first took an image of “spokes” in the Saturn’s ring. This dark radial features rotate with the Saturn. It is thought to be related to the magnetic field of the Saturn  Cannot be a shape due to the gravitational force alone. Why?

  19. Roche Limit

  20. Within ~2.5 times the radius of a planet, it’s dangerous!

  21. In summary… Important Concepts Important Terms Differential Rotation Roche limit • Composition & Structure • Atmosphere and Magnetic Fields • Origin of rings • Chapter/sections covered in this lecture : Chapter 12

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