Industrial Revolution

1. Industrial Revolution 1750 - 1850

2. What happened to our cities? Why do you think this may have happened? Think Pad

3. Our Town 3 more factories are built. Another 30 homes 3 banks come to town 2 markets 4 more factories Another 30 homes 2 more schools are built. 3 new churches are built. 1 river, 8 houses a church, a school, and farmland A factory comes Another 10 houses. Need a hospital 2 more factories. Another 20 homes A new school is built.

4. Life Before Industrial Revolution • People lived in villages • Made their own clothes • Grew their own food • Rarely left village • Traveled by foot or horse • With Industrial Revolution, rural life will begin to disappear Painting of village life in western & central Europe in 1600s – by Peter Bruegel

5. Cottage Industry to Factories Cottage industry- work in their own homes Skills, time, and craft Factory- Time is money, Skills are optional Work is mandatory

6. Sit with your farmer groups!

7. New Technology in Netherlands • Drainage • Much of Holland was marshland • Drained marshes • Reclaimed land to be farmed

8. Technology in England • Crop rotation • Switching out types of plants • Helped to keep nutrients in soil • Helps prevent plant disease • Along with Constantly mixed soils

9. England strikes Again! • Seed Drill • put seeds in rows • Did not waste seeds • More organized and usable space

10. Enclosures Increase Crop Output • Enclosures process of taking over & consolidating land shared by peasant farmers

12. How is this going to change daily life?

13. How & why did population increase? • Britain’s population • 5 million in 1700  9 million in 1800 • Europe’s population • 120 million in 1700  180 million in 1800 • Death from hunger was rare because of surplus of food • Also people ate healthier • Better hygiene & sanitation

14. Industrialization • the large-scale manufacturing, advanced technology, heightened productive and economic activity

15. Why Britain??

16. Do Now What do you know about Britain? What do you notice? How might this help them industrialize?

17. Reasons 1. Land and geography 2. Good supply of natural resources 3. Large supplies of $$ (capital) and entrepreneurs = larger businesses and factories

22. All oF this available stuff led to…. • A growing demand for textiles led to the creation of the world’s first large factories • Steam engine used to speed up production of thread and cloth • Flying shuttle speeds up weaving • Spinning Jenny and the Water Frame speed up thread production

23. Think about it… Easy factory and goods availability: Chain Reaction— • produce more faster • prices fall, more affordable • new customers, more demand • need to make more faster... How will this change the way of life?  What problems might this cause?

24. Inventions in the Industrial Age

25. Welcome to the Inventor's Hall of Fame How does technology change our lives today; think about yesterday’s lesson, how might it have changed those people in the 1800s (we are talking VERY different types of technology!) Do not forget to take a packet!

26. In order to make Many of these new technologies… The Assembly Line- production method in which workers repeatedly perform one task in the manufacturing process

27. Technology Take-over! How did Technology improve the lives of people During the 1800s? How was technology a curse during the 1800s?

28. Hall of Fame Nominations What do you think is the best/ most important invention and WHY?

29. Social Impact of the Revolution THINK PAD: take out Yesterday’s packet…. Answer the LAST question (2nd page)

30. Social Impact of the Industrial Revolution • Urbanization - the mass migration of people to cities • Why  jobs were located there • Quiet market towns turned into cities with factories & mines

31. Find your pair!!! Make sure all is complete for your reading Find another pair with the opposite reading.

33. Industrial Working Class • slums called tenements. • No running water • No sewage or sanitation • SMELLLLLLY! • This led to contaminated drinking water & disease. Urban tenement housing

34. Industrial Middle Class • Owned & operated factories, mines, & railroads • Merchants who invested in factories • Inventors or skilled artisans • Lived in beautiful homes! • Had SAFE water • NJ Housewives?

35. Factories & Mines • Harsh conditions • Accidents common • Disease common (chemicals, lint, coal dust) • Mines • Dark, Explosions, Flooding, Collapsing tunnels • Rigid schedule set by factory whistle • Long hours (anywhere from 12 – 16 hours a day) • 6-7 days a week • Few breaks were given

36. Child Labor • Factories & mines hired boys and girls • Kids started working at age 7 or 8 (sometimes as early as 5) • Performed various tasks • Changed spools • Crawled under machinery to repair threads • Hauled coal carts

38. From What we know so far, had the Industrial Revolution a Blessing or a Curse? Summary

39. Big Business!

40. Do Now: What does this say about the Industrial Rev?

41. Think Pad Take a look around the room again…. Share your responses with the people around you

42. Big Business Dominates • Stock: shares of a company sold to investors • Gives company $$ to grow • When company profits, stock owners share it • Corporation: business owned by many “stockholders”, or investors

43. Monopolies gain control • How do you make the most money in the game Monopoly? • Monopoly: business that controls all parts of an industry • Example: John D. Rockefeller • Standard Oil Company: • Owns oil wells, refineries, pipelines • Comcast?

44. Why is it dangerous for one company or even a group of companies to dominate an entire industry? • No competition! • - Can charge whatever they want! • - Can sell crappy products • - Customers have no choices

45. Political Cartoon Analysis • Study each political cartoon. Look at the different images used, how things are placed, and the words used. • Answer the questions about each cartoon.

50. What will people do about it? • People start to work for reforms • Regulations, or rules and limits, for businesses • Laws start to break up and prevent monopolies