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Gender and Racial Transformation in SA Higher Education

This briefing provides an overview of the progress made in gender and racial transformation in South African higher education since 1994, as well as the current policies and programs in place to promote social inclusion and improve quality.

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Gender and Racial Transformation in SA Higher Education

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  1. DIALOGUE ON SKILLS PLANNING Select Committee on Co-operative Governance and Traditional Affairs Briefing on Gender and Racial Transformation in South African Higher Education 11 November 2014

  2. INTRODUCTION • Since Colonial times Black Education in General and African Education in particular has been neglected and ignored. The same for Higher Education. • However the little gains made prior to the advent of Apartheid was further eroded by Apartheid from 1957 onwards. • With the introduction of the homelands came the introduction of homeland Education and homeland Higher Education, which while increasing intake, neglected quality altogether. • 1994 ushered the opportunity of turning around the discrimination of the past.

  3. 1994 DEMOCRATIC DISPENSATION • Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (1994-1996) • Education White Paper 1: On Education and Training (1995) • Education White Paper 3: A Programme for the Transformation of Higher Education (1997) • Report of the Ministerial Committee on transformation and social cohesion and the elimination of discrimination in South Africa’s public higher education institutions (2008) • National Development Plan (2012) • Ministerial Oversight committee on Transformation (2013) • White Paper on Post-School Education and Training (2014)

  4. PARTICIPATION FROM 1993 TO 2012 • In 1993, 52% of the enrolment in universities was Black (African, Coloured and Indian) as compared to 89% of the South African population. By 2012 82% of enrolment in universities was Black. • The participation rate of Africans increased from 9% in 1993 to 16% in 2012, and of Coloureds from 13% to 14.3 % over this period. • For Indians it increased from 40% in 1993 to 47.4 % in 2012 and for Whites it decreased from 70% to 54.7%. • Noting Africans comprised 80% of the population, Coloureds - 9%, Indians - 2% and Whites - 9% in 2012.

  5. % Percentage Female: 51% Percentage Male: 49%

  6. Gross Enrolment in public universities in South Africa (2012 academic year)(Source: DHET; 2012 HEMIS audited data)

  7. % Headcount Enrolments 2012

  8. Enrolment 2006 to 2011

  9. Quality in 2011

  10. Academic Staff - Race

  11. Academic Staff - Gender

  12. Doctoral Graduates by Race and Gender 1994 - 2007

  13. On Academic Staff - Higher Education South Africa (HESA) said to the Portfolio Committee on HET nn 5 March 2014:

  14. White Paper on Post-School Education and Training says there has been Progress since 1994 but …..

  15. Oversight Committee on Transformation

  16. Social Inclusion Policy • On 7 August 2014, the Minister of Higher Education and Training released a draft social inclusion policy framework on post-school education and training institutions for public comments. • This policy is intended to assist public institutions of higher education and training to develop their own social inclusion policies and guidelines. • This policy will be used to monitor that institutions take transformation priorities into account. • The policy is being processed for approval by the Minister. • The policy will also include a Charter to be agreed to by all role-players in the sector.

  17. Programmes • Foundation Provisioning programmes: • designed to assist underprepared students to succeed • R236.6 million to support foundation provisioning in 2014/15 • Teaching and research development Grants: • R609.5 million for Teaching Development • R197.4 million for Research Development • Designed to improve the qualifications of academic staff and improve teaching quality

  18. Staffing South African Universities Framework • A comprehensive, transformative approach to building capacity and developing future generations of academics. • The SSAUF takes, as a starting point, the urgent imperative to recruit, support and retain black and female academic staff to address their very serious under-representation at all levels in the sector.

  19. SSAUF • theNurturing Emerging Scholars Programme(NESP) will identify students who are beginning to demonstrate academic ability at relatively junior levels • the New Generation of Academics Programme (nGAP) will recruit new academics against carefully designed and balanced equity considerations and in light of the disciplinary areas of greatest need • the Existing Academics Capacity Enhancement Programme (EACEP) will support the development of existing academics • the Supplementary Staff Employment Programme (SSEP) will enable universities to recruit specific skills on a needs basis •  the Staffing South Africa’s Universities Development Programme (SSAU-DP) cuts across the core programmes and supports teaching and research development needs in each programme

  20. Implementation: Phase 1 in 2015 • Phase 1 involves the intake of one cohort of scholars into the New Generation of Academics Programme (nGAP), and their support over the six years making up the programme. • The first cohort is planned to comprise 200 nGAP posts. • The target is 85% South African black nGAP scholars appointed by end June 2015. Priority within this group will be given to black women. • Future cohort intakes are planned to grow to reach a new intake of 400 per annum.

  21. DIALOGUE ON SKILLS PLANNING Thank You

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