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Section 4 How are living things classified?

Section 4 How are living things classified?. A. Classification systems Aristotle classified organisms more than 2000 years ago. Carolus Linnaeus introduced a system based on similar structures of organisms. . Modern systems based on phylogeny – the evolutionary history of an organism.

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Section 4 How are living things classified?

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  1. Section 4How are living things classified? A. Classification systems Aristotle classified organisms more than 2000 years ago. Carolus Linnaeus introduced a system based on similar structures of organisms.

  2. Modern systems based on phylogeny – the evolutionary history of an organism. • Today’s classification system separates organisms into 6 kingdoms. • Kingdoms are the first and largest category. • The smallest classification category is a species. • Organisms that belong to the same species can mate and produce fertile offspring.

  3. B. Binomial nomenclature – two-word system used by Linnaeus to name species • First word identifies the genus, or group of similar species. • Second word tells something about the species – what is looks like, where it is found, or who discovered it. • Why use scientific names? • To avoid mistakes • To show that organisms in the same genus are related. • To give descriptive information. • To allow information to be organized easily.

  4. C. Tools for identifying organisms • Field guides – descriptions and illustrations or organisms. • Dichotomous keys – detailed lists of identifying characteristics that include scientific names.

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