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Crop Modeling, The 2012 “Flash Drought” & Irrigation Demand

Crop Modeling, The 2012 “Flash Drought” & Irrigation Demand. Cameron Handyside University of Alabama in Huntsville Earth Systems Science Center September, 2013. Background. Decline in Alabama commodity c rops was characteristic of Southeast as a whole. Yield Benefit of Irrigation.

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Crop Modeling, The 2012 “Flash Drought” & Irrigation Demand

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  1. Crop Modeling,The 2012 “Flash Drought”&Irrigation Demand Cameron Handyside University of Alabama in Huntsville Earth Systems Science Center September, 2013

  2. Background Decline in Alabama commodity crops was characteristic of Southeast as a whole

  3. Yield Benefit of Irrigation Irrigated Midwest Yields Rainfed

  4. Profit while paying for irrigation infrastructure How do we run these scenarios?

  5. Soil Conditions Weatherdata Model Crop Management Genetics Crop Model Simulation Growth Development Yield Environmental Impact Natural Resource Use Net Income

  6. “Decision Support System for Agro-Technology” Computer simulation model of the soil-plant-atmosphere system Widely accepted crop model Used to model “What-if” scenarios incorporating multiple factors (weather, soil, cultivar, irrigation…) Inputs: Min/Max Temperature Precipitation Insolation (sunshine) Soil DSSAT • Outputs: • Yield • Drought Stress • Irrigation Demand • Fertilizer Demand • Residual Fertilizer

  7. DSSAT to GriDSSAT Workflow • “X File”: • Planting Dates • County Soil Types • Cultivar Run DSSAT ~36,000 times a day! • Model Output • Yield • Drought Stress • Irrigation Demand • Residual Fertilizer • Spatial Weather: • Insolation • Temperature • Precipitation

  8. GriDSSAT Website Updated Daily http://gridssat.nsstc.uah.edu/

  9. Week of May 29th, 2012 Comparison of the U.S. Drought Monitor to the GriDSSAT Crop Stress Index and 7-Day Cumulative Precipitation

  10. Week of June 5th, 2012

  11. Week of June 12th, 2012

  12. Week of June 19th, 2012

  13. Week of June 26th, 2012

  14. Week of July 3rd, 2012

  15. Week of July 10th, 2012

  16. Analysis w/ Crop-Scape Masking

  17. Week of August 31st, 2012

  18. 2012 Yields with Irrigation 222 bu/ac 183bu/ac 173 bu/ac 119 bu/ac 45 bu/ac

  19. Irrigation Demand is Dynamic Watershed Irrigation Withdrawals USDA NASS CropScape Data GriDSSAT Crop Model

  20. Provide both Crop Stress & Water Stress to Stakeholders Real-time Radar Derived Precipitation NASA land surface temperatures Real-time WaSSI Model Real-time Gridded Crop Model Satellite derived insolation

  21. THANK YOU! QUESTIONS?

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