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Corporate finance

Corporate finance. Introduction to corporate finance.

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Corporate finance

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  1. Corporate finance

  2. Introduction to corporate finance • Corporate finance display the movement of funds (money, capital and other financial assets), by which the company gets involved into different quantitative and qualitative money relations with different entrepreneurial subjects, employees and all other subjects of its financial environment

  3. foreign investor Interest tax Other costs Market FIRM Output Revenue – Profit reinvestment + owner dividends Corporate money flow

  4. Function of financial management • All operations in the company reflect themselves into funds of money, capital and other resources • Financial goals are integral part of the firm’s goals from both short and long term period point of view

  5. Financial management • Subjective economical activity, aimed at acquiring necessary amount of money and capital from different financial sources, its allocation into different forms of non-cash property and distribution of the profit with the main goal of • Maximization of market value of managed company

  6. Financial management goals • Maximization of the value • Maximization of the profit • makes provisions concerning: • Expected profitability • Riskiness • Social aspects • Agency costs

  7. Partial financial goals • Rentability • Liquidity • Solvency • Stability

  8. The Relationship of accounting and finance • Financial management • Acquiring and allocation of the capital • Financial accounting • Managerial accounting • Acquiring of acquired and allocated capital • Financial analysis • planning, controlling and decision-making based on calculations of costs

  9. In CF statementOut A BalancesheetL C Income stat.R Fixes assets Owncapital PS operatingactivity operations investingt financial Currentassets Foreigncapital financing extraordinary FB P Sources of financial informations • Primary source: accounting statements

  10. Scope of financial management • Financial decision-making • Financial analysis • Financial planning • Financial control

  11. Principles of FM • Principle of cash flow • Principle of net present value • Respecting the time factor • Considering the risk • Optimization of the capital structure • Efficiency degree of capital markets • Planning and analyzing of financial data

  12. Financial surrounding of company • Level of economic activity • Government financial policy • Competitive environment • Legislative provisions and regulations • Labor market • Foreign trade and foreign exchange rate development • Financial market

  13. Typology of enterprises - financing • From capital markets • From financial intermediaries • From holdings or other industrial groups

  14. Decision-making about: • The volume of the capital • The structure of the capital • The structure of the assets • The investing of capital • Profit distribution • Different forms of mergers and aquisitions

  15. Specialty of short-term FM • Decision about size and structure of current assets and its parts • Decision about optimal mix of short-term capital • Decision about the protection from different risk types

  16. Phases of FM • Problem definition and goal setting • Information analysis • Setting of different solution scenarios • Determination of criteria for optimal scenario selection • Realization of the selected scenario and its verification concerning the goal

  17. Time value of money and FM • In decision making about investments • In capital structure optimization • In determining the market value of the total assets and its parts

  18. Protection against risk • Setting the risk limits (setting the maximal buying or minimal selling price) • Risk diversification (investments into different assets) • Transfer of the risk (insurance, derivatives) • Creation of reserves

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