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Birth Order Study

Birth Order Study. Jamie Monzo, Saleha Chaudhry, Ann Kimble, Maria Lim, and Sara Torelli. Introduction. Research has shown that specific characteristics tend to be associated with different birth orders (Hoffman, 1998)

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Birth Order Study

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  1. Birth Order Study Jamie Monzo, Saleha Chaudhry, Ann Kimble, Maria Lim, and Sara Torelli

  2. Introduction • Research has shown that specific characteristics tend to be associated with different birth orders (Hoffman, 1998) • Birth order characteristics are oversimplified generalizations applied to a specific group of people (Sherman, 1996)

  3. Introduction Continued. . . • Stereotypes have the ability to affect the stereotyped group’s performance with subtle priming • This can result in stereotype threat

  4. Introduction Continued. . . • Independent Variables 1. Birth Order (natural groups) • First-born • Latter-born • Priming • Primed • Not Primed • Dependent Variable • Total score on questionnaire

  5. Introduction Continued. . . . • Hypothesis: • We hypothesized that there would be no main effect for birth order or priming • We hypothesized that there would be a significant interaction between birth order and priming • First-born women who were primed with their birth order position would score significantly higher than unprimed groups and latter-born groups.

  6. Introduction Continued. . . • Rationale: Our hypothesis was based upon stereotype threat research which suggests that a prime is necessary in order to invoke the anxiety that accompanies the stereotype (Steele, 1998)

  7. Method • Participants • 125 Mount Holyoke Students between the ages of 18-50 • We used a 2 (birth order: first-born or latter-born) x 2 (priming: priming or no priming) independent groups design • All participants were exposed to one of four conditions

  8. Materials • Consent Form • Priming Statement • Questionnaire with job scenario • Birth Order Survey • Debriefing Statement

  9. Operational Definitions • First-Born /Only Child is defined as the oldest child in the family or the only child in the family • Latter-Born is defined as a child who is not the first born • First-Born Characteristics are words that are associated with first borns/only children

  10. Procedure • Half the participants were given a priming statement • Participants were asked to read the scenario and complete the questionnaire • Upon completion of the experiment, the participant was asked to fill out a birth order survey

  11. Results • DV: Total score on questionnaire • Hypothesis: first-born women who were primed with their birth order position would score significantly higher than unprimed groups and latter-born groups • We used a 2 (birth order: first-borns or latter-borns) X 2 (prime: priming or no priming) independent groups ANOVA

  12. Results Continued . . . .

  13. Results Continued . . . .

  14. Results Continued. . .

  15. Discussion Continued. . . . • Our results were inconsistent with past research • External validity- sample • Reliance on self-assessment as opposed to actual measure of performance • Issue with job application scenario • Within-family context

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