Cells

1. Cells My Visual Diary By Serena Unmack

2. What is the difference between Animal, Plant and Fungal cells? • Plant Cells • Plant cells make their own food using photosynthesis and the sun. • Plant cells have a cell wall. • Plant cells have more parts than animal cells. • Fungal Cells • Fungal Cells have the same organelles as animal cells. • Fungal Cells have a cell wall like plant cells. • Fungal cells do not have chloroplasts, which make photosynthesis, they get food from whatever they are growing on. • Animal Cells • Animal Cells don’t have a cell wall. • Animal cells don’t make their own food, they gain nutrients from things we eat. • Animal Cells have the same organelles as fungal cells.

3. Organelles • Nucleus (control Centre of the cell) • Nucleolus (found inside the Nucleus, is involved in protein synthesis) • Cell wall (Plant and Fungi only) (helps keep the cells rigid) • Cell Membrane (protects the cell) • Chloroplasts (Plants Only) (where photosynthesis is made using energy from the sun) • Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth and rough) (helps things travel) • Vacuole (stores water, waste and food) • Chromosomes (genetic material found in the nucleus) • Lysosome’s (like a garbage removal unit that gets rid of unwanted matter from the cell) • Mitochondria (where the energy for the cell is made) • Golgi Apparatus (packages protein) • Ribosome's (create proteins for growth and repair of the cell)

4. How do cells reproduce? Not all cells reproduce in the same way. Some reproduce sexually and others, asexually. There are 5 phases to the asexual of a cell. This is called Mitosis, They are Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase. When a cells reproduces asexually, they do so without intercourse. The cell makes a copy of itself. Some cells split themselves in two to do this. The result is a daughter cell. The daughter cell is identical to the parent. Other cells reproduce sexually. This is called Meiosis.The process is different when reproduction is done sexually. There is a female cells and a male cell. The cells of higher plants or animals have two sets of chromosomes (they are called diploids). When gametes or sex cells are produced they only have on set of chromosomes (they are called haploids). During fertilisation, two cells merge into one and therefore restores the diploid state. The process of asexually reproduction.

5. Vegetable/Plant Cells

6. Banana Water Bubbles Banana Cells 100x Banana Cells 400x

7. Rhubarb Rhubarb cells 100x Cell Walls Banana Cells 400x Cell Walls

8. Onion Onion Cells 100x Cell Walls Cell Walls Onion Cells 400x

9. Fungi Cells Adjective: Any of a diverse group of eukaryotic single celled or multinucleate organisms  that live by decomposing and absorbing the organic material in which  they grow, comprising the mushrooms, moulds, mildews, smuts, rusts, and yeasts,  and classified in the kingdom Fungi or, in some classification systems,  In the division Fungi  (Thallophyta) of the kingdom Plantae.

10. Lycoperdonperlatum - Puff Ball Puff Ball cells 40x Puff Ball cells 100x

11. RhizopusNigricans Conjugation RhizopusNigricans is one of the most common fungi’s in the world. It is the bread mould fungus. RhizopusNigricans Conjugation 100x RhizopusNigricans Conjugation 40x

12. Rhizopuszygospores Rhizopuszygospores 100x

13. Other Parts/Types of the Cell

14. Conducting Cell Conducting cells are long tubes like pipes. Conducting cells transport water from where it is collected in the roots of the plant to where it is needed in the leaves so photosynthesis can take place.

15. Guard Cell Guard cells work in pairs, opening and closing like little pores. Gases which are needed for the plant enter through these Guard cells and unwanted gases exit through the Guard cells.

16. Chloroplasts– Photosynthesis Chloroplasts are found on near the surface of green leaves and stems of plant. Chloroplasts trap the suns energy and turn it into food for the plant. This process is called photosynthesis.

17. Unicellular Organisms Definition – Adjective: Having or consisting of one single cell

18. Paramecium Paramecium 40x Paramecium can move, eat and reproduce. Paramecium live in water filled environments, usually warm, stagnant water. They are capable of both sexually and asexual reproduction. Paramecium 40x (this photo has lots of water bubbles)

19. Euglena Euglena have chloroplasts and use photosynthesis but they can also absorb food from their environment. Scientist have been debating for years weather they are a plant or an animal cell, so right now they are neither. They are classified as Protists. They usually live in quiet ponds or puddles. Euglena 100x Euglena 100x Euglena 100x

20. Bibliographies • http://turfmutt.discoveryeducation.com/lesson-three.cfm • http://www.backyardnature.net/fungconj.htm • http://www.talktalk.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0030840.html • http://www.sciencefilm.de/detail.php?id=214838&rubrik=%&lang=en&q=&qrubrik= • http://www.und.nodak.edu/dept/jcarmich/101lab/lab2/lab2.html • http://101science.com/paramecium.htm • http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/euglena_color.html • http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/euglena.htm • http://www.quia.com/jg/2744list.html • http://www.edinformatics.com/math_science/asexual_sexual_reproduction.htm • http://www.historyforkids.org/scienceforkids/biology/cells/meiosis.htm • http://www.dartmouth.edu/~cbbc/courses/bio4/bio4-lectures/theCell.html#meiosis