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Active capitalism- 15 th Century Holland and Flanders ( Belgium)

Active capitalism- 15 th Century Holland and Flanders ( Belgium) Secular Works influenced by Gothic Architecture International Gothic Style dominates Flemish Painting- symbolism/ high horizon and crowded composition Importance of Secular Art works Introduction of Printmaking!!!

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Active capitalism- 15 th Century Holland and Flanders ( Belgium)

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  1. Active capitalism- 15th Century Holland and Flanders ( Belgium) Secular Works influenced by Gothic Architecture International Gothic Style dominates Flemish Painting- symbolism/ high horizon and crowded composition Importance of Secular Art works Introduction of Printmaking!!! Centralized governments- away from feudalism Capitalism- international trading- Jacque Coeur and Medici First Stock market in Flanders Oil paint- patronage from Kings, Dukes, Churches, Private wealth patrons Printmaking and moveable type! Carthusian monestaries-Philip the Bold- Haarlem- Claus Sluter Fascination with the rendering of the real world…. Altarpieces- main art form

  2. International Gothic Style Full illustration contain month of year for the Book of Hour ( a meditative Book) Astrological signs around the arch on the top- Apollo riding chariot Main scenes are scenes of the months: Feb- peasants May- nobles on horseback for May Day July- harvesting October- planting winter wheat Naturalism of details, castles, shadows Separation of the classes

  3. Left panel- donors Center panel- Annunciation taking place in Flemish interior Symbolism: towels, water- Mary’s purity, baptism flowers– three buds- for trinity, unopened bud is Jesus, lilies are purity Mary on floor- her humility Mary blocks the entrance to Hell Candlesticks- Mary holds Jesus in the womb Figure on a cross comes out of the window No halos, view of interior living room and outside view of Flemish city Joseph in carpentry shop Mousetrap is to catch the devil DETAILS Figures do not fit the room, floor tips forward

  4. Polyptych at St. Bavo in Ghent Great detail; extreme realism God the Father in the Pope’s Crown Mary and John the Baptist on either side Choirs of angels on either side and Adam and Eve in the corners Lamb of God in the center bottom- symbolizing Jesus- continuous landscape With knights and clergy Exterior: Annunciation with ancient Sibyls and Prophets Two figures at bottom in grisaille in center ( John Baptist and John the Evangelist)

  5. Betrothal? Memorial to dead wife? Wedding Portrait? Burning candle on wedding night Shoes 0ff- on holy ground Praying pose Dog- Fido 2 witnesses in mirror Wife pulls up dress to look pregnant St. Margaret- patron saint of childbirth GA on the window-side – outside world Wife- inside next to bed Orange on the window- wealthy sign

  6. Placed in the family chapel- functioned as a chapel for the maternity hospital In Florence Mary central St. Margaret- present and patron of childbirth Christ on wheat- sacred Plants in foreground medicinal and symbolic purposes Continuous landscape Figures at different scales

  7. Sculpture continues to move away from the background Classical references in the Claus Sluter: Drapery and Contrapposto Large fountain with a cross on top Six Old Testament figures Water around the well symbolizes blood Water for the local monastery Drapery- Roman influences painted Rounded figures- painted Moses holds the 10 Commandments

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