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Japanese Court Music

Japanese Court Music. Alpaca Lecture Mrs Cramp. gagaku performance. Styles, traditions and influences. Tends to depend on words like most East Asian music cultures. Instrumental music is usually very descriptive and reflects the title. No chordal harmony .

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Japanese Court Music

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  1. Japanese Court Music Alpaca Lecture Mrs Cramp

  2. gagaku performance

  3. Styles, traditions and influences • Tends to depend on words like most East Asian music cultures. • Instrumental music is usually very descriptive and reflects the title. • No chordalharmony. • Melodies start at different times and only come together at cadences. • Through-composed rather than structured. • Structure can be labelled as jo, ha and kyu. “Introduction”, “breaking away” and “hurried”.

  4. Shochikubai – Mitzuhashi • Music of pine, bamboo and plum blossom. • Instruments: Koto Shamisen Kokyu

  5. Western influence has had a greater impact in Japan than any other oriental country. • Traditional Japanese music is still highly respected.

  6. Gagaku Music • China and Asian mainland influenced Japanese culture a lot 1000 years ago. • Japanese traditions lasted longer because of its islands. • Court music – Gagaku Music • Two tipes: • Komagaku – from Korea and Manchuria. Reached Japan in the 5th Century • Togaku – from China and India. Reached Japan in the 7th Century

  7. Nagare – Kazuko Tsukushi • The stream • Has this piece been influenced by Western music? • Instruments: Shakuhachi Koto

  8. Heterophonic: Many melodies played at the same time but each instrument interprets it in its own way. • Whole ensemble concentrates on the melody which is memorised. • Pulse remains broadly the same throughout. • Usually describes scenes, stories or individuals. No improvisation. • Court music is performed as dance music today (bugaku) or as instrumental music (kangen).

  9. Gagaku scales Ryo mode Ritsu mode

  10. Each mode has 3 scales based on it. • Ryo has: • Ichikotsu– keynote is D • Sojo – keynote is G • Taishiki – keynote is E • Ritsu has: • Hyojo – keynote is E • Oshiki – keynote is A • Banshiki– keynote is B

  11. Biwa Usually plays the melody. Four strings Played with a plectrum biwa

  12. Koto • 13 strings • Plays the melody • Koto

  13. Shamisen • Small, three strings • Plucked • Plays the accompaniment • shamisen

  14. Wind instruments • Always made of bamboo • Ryeteki • Komabue

  15. Hichiriki • Oboe-like instrument

  16. Sho • Mouth organ with 17 bamboo pipes • sho

  17. Percussion instruments • Outline the strong points of each phrase and also adds rhythm. • kakkotaiko

  18. Manzairaku How many Gagaku instruments can you identify?

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