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Industrial Revolution or Industrialization?

Eli Whitney Steamboats Andrew Carnegie Erie Canal Transcontinental RxR Telephone Oil. Cotton Gin Mass Production Coal Mining Cars John Rockefeller Samuel Morse Steel John Deere. Industrial Revolution or Industrialization?. Early 1800s (1830-1860)

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Industrial Revolution or Industrialization?

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  1. Eli Whitney Steamboats Andrew Carnegie Erie Canal Transcontinental RxR Telephone Oil Cotton Gin Mass Production Coal Mining Cars John Rockefeller Samuel Morse Steel John Deere Industrial Revolution or Industrialization?

  2. Early 1800s (1830-1860) Textile Mills in New England (Lowell) Steamboats & Canals Inventions = Cotton Gin, Plow, Reaper Population = 30 million Late 1800s (1870-1910) Steel Factories (NYC, Chicago, Pitt.) Railroads & Cars Inventions = Telephone, Electricity Population = 80-90 million Industrial Revolution Industrialization

  3. CRQ ANSWERS • The three railroads are the Erie, Hudson River, and NY Central. • Railroads need oil, coal, and lumber. • Railroads helped create demand for goods and opened new markets. • The railroad had control over government decisions.

  4. Philadelphia 76ers Philadelphia Eagles Boston Celtics NY Mets Denver Nuggets 49ers New England Patriots Tampa Bay Buccaneers Washington Nationals San Francisco 49ers Seattle Mariners Minnesota Twins Houston Texans Kansas City Chiefs New Orleans Saints Minnesota Vikings St Louis Blues Indianapolis Colts Washington Capitals Ne Orleans Saints Green Bay Packers Sports and History

  5. Invested in steamboats in the early 1800s Controlled the NY Central RxR from NYC-Buffalo Nickname was “Commodore” Goals: Hire the most workers & run a business with no competition Vanderbilt (early life)

  6. Network- System of connected lines Pooling- To divide business & set prices Consolidating- Combining many businesses into one. (eliminating competition) Rebates- Giving discounts to loyal customers

  7. Late Life • Gave $1 million dollars to start Vanderbilt University • Died 100 million rich • Considered a ruthless businessman

  8. Group Responsibilities • Read the Carnegie Biography • Summarize Carnegie’s life in a powerpoint document • Create a (political) cartoon • Write a poem/rap about Carnegie’s life • Give presentation

  9. CRQ Answers • Iron Ore, limestone, and coal are needed to make steel. • The blast furnace makes raw steel. • Raw steel became finished steel in Carnegie mills. • Carnegie kept his costs low by owning all the steps in making steel.

  10. Andrew Carnegie

  11. Early life • Emigrated from Scotland at 13 “Rags to Riches” • 1st Jobs- Bobbin Boy, Telegraph Operator, RxR Supervisor

  12. Businessman • Bessemer Process- Cheap steel production from England • Business called Carnegie Steel in Pittsburgh, Penn. (1st Billion dollar)

  13. Created a Monopoly- Company that controls all of a certain business • Vertical Integration- Owning all the steps in producing a product (raw materials to finished steel)

  14. Cuts workers wages by 26% at Homestead plant • Homestead strike- 1880s strike by 3,000 steel workers union members

  15. Retirement • Sold out to J.P. Morgan for 425 million Carnegie steel now U.S. steel • Philanthropist- people that donate fortunes that benefit society • Wrote “Gospel of Wealth” (rich must help society)

  16. John D. Rockefeller "The impression was gaining ground with me that it was a good thing to let the money be my servant and not make myself a slave to the money…"

  17. Early Life… • Born in NY • Shipping and Railroad worker ages 13-25 • “King of Oil REFINING”

  18. Businessman • oil refining • Horizontal Integration- Owning all of one step in making a product. (oil refining)

  19. Formed a Trust- Combining small companies into one large company. (MONOPOLY) • Business called STANDARD OIL (Cleveland, Ohio) • Owned 90% of all oil refineries in the U.S.

  20. Used violent and ruthless business tactics against RxR’s and competition • Robber Baron- People who get rich off the work of others

  21. In the End… • Philanthropist to (schools, churches, foundations) • Standard Oil monopoly is broken up by the gov’t (Chevron, Exxon, Mobil)

  22. Happy Halloweenie!!!

  23. Big Business good? • They help _________ business & the economy • Free-Enterprise-Citizens create and control their own business • They _________ _______ to society • They help keep ________ and ________ even • Help America ______ into an ____________ power

  24. Big Business Bad? • Large gap between the _____ and _____ • They use ________ amounts of natural ___________ • Eliminate __________ • Pay ____ ______ to their __________ • _________ government officials

  25. Government’s Role? • Laissez-Faire (“hands-off) from 1870-1890 • Interstate Commerce Act- 1st law to set regulations to railroads (weak) • Sherman Anti-Trust Act- Law that set rules for Trusts and Monopolies (1890)

  26. Cooper Vision Kodak Nike Dollar General China Panda Wegmans Home Depot JP Morgan Gap Scottsville Diner Slices Microsoft Amy Rose US Steel Google Bill Gray’s AOL Wal-Mart Carnegie Steel Small, Med., or Large Business?

  27. Managers • Wanted: • Weapons: • Lockout- • Blacklist-

  28. Fired workers for trying to assemble as a group (Unionize) • Scabs-

  29. Labor • Wanted: • Weapons: • Strike- 2. Great RxR strike in 1877 & 1902 Coal Miners Strike

  30. Labor Union- • Knights of Labor(KOL)-

  31. 5. American Federation of Labor (AFL)- Allowed skilled labor to join the union based on job skills (carpenters v. ) 6. AFL founder Samuel Gompers

  32. Samuel Gompers (AFL founder)

  33. The Haymarket Affair • Strike in Chicago by workers of the McCormick company 1887 • Workers wanted an 8 hour day • Bomb thrown at police • Workers seen as violent • People lost faith in the Knights of Labor

  34. Great Railroad Strike of 1877 • Nationwide RxR strike • Railroad companies cut wages • United Railway Workers (URW) strike • Military used to stop strike • Labor Unions lose strength

  35. Coal Miners Strike • Pennsylvania coal mines 1902 • Company Town- Town controlled by industry • Miners strike for wages • Mother Jones fights against child labor • 1st win for higher wages by labor

  36. CRQ Answers • The process in the drawing is an assembly line • The assembly line is different because one person completed one task • One positive effect on a worker is that they became very good at their job • One negative effect on a worker is that it was boring

  37. Inventors R-22 • Alexander Graham Bell • George Eastman • Thomas Edison • Henry Ford

  38. General Electric (GE) corporation is founded Sears introduces mail order catalogs AT&T begins as a company Ford Motor Co. opens in Michigan Kodak Corporation Hollywood and motion pictures Women get jobs at switchboard operators Mass production- Making large amounts of a product fast Had over 1,000 inventions Led to transatlantic communication Invented the Phonograph that recorded sound Specialization- Workers that perform one task The Advertisement industry is introduced Wizard of Menlo Park, NJ

  39. Thomas Edison • “Inventions are 99% perspiration and 1% inspiration”

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