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3 rd March 2008

3 rd March 2008. To what extent were the political organisation and methods of the Nazi party responsible for its rise to power?.

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3 rd March 2008

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  1. 3rd March 2008 To what extent were the political organisation and methods of the Nazi party responsible for its rise to power? All of the below allows the Nazis to exploit the situation which arises from the Wall Street Crash… if the Nazis had been very disorganised would they have been able to rise to power in the way they did?

  2. 3rd March 2008 Party structure / Organisation Inspired by the failure of the Putsch in 1923 Hitler decided that fundamentally the party must follow a democratic line. A party structure was needed to ensure that this could happen. In Dec 1924 (Hitler released from prison) the party was in disarray – leading members were split into factions and membership was declining. Officially re-founded on 27 Feb 1925…but… Hostilities between Bavaria and Prussia (Catholic and Protestant) remained; nationalist and anti-capitalist wings of the party. In 1926 established Fuhrerprinzip

  3. 3rd March 2008 Party structure / Organisation Germany divided into Gaue (regions) directly linked to system of PR. Put in the hands of Gauleiter who formed Kreis (district) and Ort (branch) groups. Vertical structure of Germany maintained. Gauleiter had a degree of autonomy outside Hitler’s orders. How does this aid the Nazis?

  4. 3rd March 2008 Party structure / Organisation Formation of SS, Hitler Youth, and the Nazi Teacher Association. Nazi Welfare Organisation formed to aid those in distress. Membership increased: 1925 – 27,000 1926 – 49,000 1927 – 72,000 They did have a very high turnover of members, it seems, especially in late 1932 when it all seemed to be going a bit wrong. Funding They had some funding from rich industrialists and army initially, but most of their cash came from ordinary members

  5. 3rd March 2008 Tactics Inspired by the failure of the Putsch in 1923 Hitler decided that fundamentally the party must follow a democratic line. Were especially interested in getting local people involved, especially influential individuals. Use of violence The SA and the SS were used to suppress political opposition on the streets. SA recruited by giving generally disadvantaged people some direction & support. Their job was to protect the Nazi rallies, do general work (leafleting) and smash the commies. Led by Ernst Rohm They looked organised and disciplined and were in some sense a good advert for organisation when there was utter chaos going on around.

  6. 3rd March 2008 Propaganda • Highly organised – Goebbels put in charge in April 1930. National instructions could be adapted to the local problems (again relationship between national and local). • Aim was to show Hitler as leader and also to make local events of great importance as well. • Idea of Volksgemeinschaft very prevalent. • Range of techniques – very sophisticated poster campaigns • Loudspeakers, radio. • Nazi rallies – highly emotional and effective. • Direct mailing: in 1932 distributed 600,000 copies of their Immediate Economic Programme leaflet. • Training speakers: by 1933 6,000 had passed through their correspondence training school – you had to do it for 12 months and speak publicly 30 times within 8 months. • In 1929 received a great boost from the Anti-Young plan alliance with Alfred Hugenberg’s DNVP. Ideas got into mass circulation papers.

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