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WIND POWER

WIND POWER. HISTORY. Greece, a marine nation, has always known the value of wind. From ancient times it begun harnessing its force in order to explore, conquer or just commerce with other people in the Mediterranean.

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WIND POWER

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  1. WIND POWER

  2. HISTORY • Greece, a marine nation, has always known the value of wind. From ancient times it begun harnessing its force in order to explore, conquer or just commerce with other people in the Mediterranean.

  3. It was also early learned that the price one pays when there is no wind blowing or when there’s too much wind (Odysseus).

  4. And of course we had a god to account for the comings and goings of this uncontrollable, at some points, force. Our ancestors believed that God Aiolos, the wind keeper, resided on the island of Aeolia, where he kept the winds in a cave and at Zeus’s command he released or summoned them back.

  5. The electric utility (Public Power Corporation - PPC) built its first wind installation as early as 1983 on the Greek island of Kythnos, one of the first (if not the first) wind parks in the world.

  6. WIND TURBINES • How do wind turbines make electricity? Simply stated, a wind turbine works the opposite of a fan. Instead of using electricity to make wind, like a fan, wind turbines use wind to make electricity. The wind turns the blades, which spin a shaft, which connects to a generator and makes electricity.

  7. Anemometer:Measures the wind speed and transmits wind speed data to the controller. • Blades :Most turbines have either two or three blades. Wind blowing over the blades causes the blades to "lift" and rotate. • Brake: A disc brake, which can be applied mechanically, electrically, or hydraulically to stop the rotor in emergencies.

  8. Controller: The controller starts up the machine at wind speeds of about 8 to 16 miles per hour (mph) and shuts off the machine at about 55 mph. winds • Gear box: Gears connect the low-speed shaft to the high-speed shaft and increase the rotational speeds from about 30 to 60 rotations per minute (rpm) to about 1000 to 1800 rpm, the rotational speed required by most generators to produce electricity.

  9. Generator:Usually an off-the-shelf induction generator that produces 60-cycle AC electricity. • High-speed shaft: Drives the generator • Low-speed shaft: The rotor turns the low-speed shaft at about 30 to 60 rotations per minute • Nacelle: The nacelle sits atop the tower and contains the gear box, low- and high-speed shafts, generator, controller, and brake. Some nacelles are large enough for a helicopter to land on.

  10. Pitch: Blades are turned, or pitched, out of the wind to control the rotor speed and keep the rotor from turning in winds that are too high or too low to produce electricity • Rotor: The blades and the hub together are called the rotor. • Tower: Towers are made from tubular steel (shown here), concrete, or steel lattice.

  11. Wind direction: This is an "upwind" turbine, so-called because it operates facing into the wind. Other turbines are designed to run "downwind," facing away from the wind. • Wind vane: Measures wind direction and communicates with the yaw drive to orient the turbine properly with respect to the wind. • Yaw drive: Upwind turbines face into the wind; the yaw drive is used to keep the rotor facing into the wind as the wind direction changes • Yaw motor: Powers the yaw drive.

  12. CURRENT SITUATION IN EUROPE

  13. Germany 23,903 MW • Spain 16,754 MW • Italy 3736 MW • France 3,404 MW • United Kingdom 3,241 MW • Denmark (& Faroe Islands) 3,180 MW • Portugal 2,862 MW • Netherlands 2,225 MW • Sweden 1,021 MW • Ireland 1,002 MW • Austria 995 MW • Greece 985 MW

  14. SUMMARY OF THE WIND INDUSTRY TARGETBY 2020 EWEA target for wind power in Europe by 2020 Installed capacity . . . . 180 GW Electricity output . . . . 500 TWh Emissions saving. . . . .370 million tonnes CO2 Share of EU CO2 reduction target . . . 36 % Share of EU electricity supply . . . . . . 13-16 %

  15. GreeceCurrent situation: Wind Power until 2008 980 MW Wind turbines from Nafplio, Greece

  16. Greek Target for 2020 • Wind power At list 10.000 MW until 2020

  17. GREEK WIND PARKIN NAFPLIO • Wind park ``SAMPALES`` • 16 MW • on Atheres mountain in Argolida.

  18. REFERENCES • http://www.eletaen.gr/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13&Itemid=27 • http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/ewea_documents/documents/statistics/Cumulative_wind_per_ms_1998_2008_for_website.xls • http://www.eletaen.gr/Documents/laws/protaseis_eletaen_gia_mes.pdf • http://images.google.gr/imgres?imgurl=http://www1.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/images/illust_large_turbine.gif&imgrefurl=http://www1.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/wind_how.html&usg=__3byUgfEwMApD99MDIScRpUHW6S8=&h=376&w=469&sz=55&hl=el&start=11&sig2=Ikl6Mm5QpDwz0nROG6mP4g&um=1&tbnid=y4fLKYfExYJD6M:&tbnh=103&tbnw=128&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwind%2Bpower%2Banimation%26hl%3Del%26sa%3DX%26um%3D1&ei=8fi1SuG1GIHqmgP9z4zUDw • http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/ewea_documents/documents/publications/WD/2007_June/wd-june-review.pdf

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