2012 History Camp Handbook <Gyeongju>

2012History Camp Handbook <Gyeongju> Date: May 13th (Sun)~15th (Tue) 2012 Grade: Class: Name: Cheong ju Daeseong Private Elementary School 청주대성초등학교

Principal's advice 1000년을 달려온 역사의 한류–1000년을 달려갈 새로운 한류 K-pop을 비롯한 한류가 세계를 뒤흔들고 있다. K-pop을 넘어 영화, 음식, 문화도 한류가 판을 친다. 동방의 작은 나라 대한민국의 힘이 이제야 빛을 발하는 것 같다. 그동안 국력이 약하고 국민들이 우리 것에 대한 이해가 부족하여 빛을 발하지 못했던 것이 지금에 와서야 활짝 꽃을 피우는 것 같다. 1000년을 달려온 역사의 한류라고 부르고 싶다. 1000년의 역사를 자랑하는 경주는 도시전체가 박물관이고 역사 한류의 장이다. 몇 번이고 다시 찾을 때마다 놀랍고 경이롭다. 보면 볼수록 그 오묘한 아름다움과 그 속에 담긴 조상의 얼과 지혜는 내가 대한민국 사람인 것을 더욱 자랑스럽게 한다. 2011년 제주도 역사탐방에 이어 이번 경주 일원으로 떠나는 역사탐방은 새롭고 남다른 의미를 갖는다. 세계문화유산인 석굴암과 불국사, 경주 역사유적지구를 비롯한 남산지구, 월성지구, 대릉원지구, 황룡사지구, 산성지구, 양동마을 등 많은 유적지와 관광지가 있다. 시간 관계상 모든 곳을 다 찾을 수는 없지만 이번 기회에 우리 조상들이 남겨준 빛나는 역사와 문화에 대해 감사하고 이를 바탕으로 새로운 역사와 문화를 창조하는 좋은 기회가 되었으면 한다. 사람은 본만큼 성장하고 느낀 만큼 변화한다고 한다. 이 번 역사탐방이 여러분을 더욱 성장시키고, 새로운 도전의 장으로 안내할 것을 확신한다. 미래는 도전하는 자의 몫이다. 1000년을 달려갈 새로운 한류를 찾아보는 역사탐방이라 부르고 싶다. 끝으로 문화재를 아끼고 보호하는 마음, 부모님과 선생님께 감사하는 마음, 친구들과 배려하고 협조하며, 더불어 함께 행복하게 생활하는 아름다운 청주대성초등학교 꿈송이의 멋진 모습을 보여주길 바란다. 안전! 건강! 감사! 보람! 2012년 5월 일 청주 대성초등학교장 조 철 호 -1-

Parents' advice 2012 History Camp • Who?  Daeseong Elementary School Students (Grade 3~6) • When?  May 13th ~ May 15h 2012 • Where?  To Gyeongju • What?  The 2012 KkumSongi(꿈송이) History Camp What to Prepare • A Suitcase and a backpack • Things to wear: Gym suit, School uniform, Additional clothes, Underwear, Socks, Hat • Toiletries: Toothbrush, Toothpaste, Soap, Shampoo, Towel • Essential Stuff: Watch, Alarm clock, Tissue, Plastic bags, Medicine, Sunscreen, Umbrella, Water • Recording Stuff: Pencil, Eraser, Pen, Notebook, History Camp Handbook • Other things: Digital camera(Highly recommended), Books, Other stuff for YOU -2-

Schedule Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 -3-

When You're Lost • If you get lost, do not be scared. • Go to a near police (sub)station and ask for help. • Find a public phone if you do not have a phone. Call your teacher. • Always remember these numbers. NEVER forget them. • Daeseong Elementary School  ☎ 043) 215-5874, 5875 • Your Korean Teacher  ☎( ) • Your Foreign Teacher  ☎( ) • Your Parents Mum ☎( ) Dad ( ) • Your Home ☎( ) • Bus Number ( ) • Home Address ( ) Our Sleeping Place • Sleeping Place: ILSUNG Condominium • Address: 경북 경주시 보문로 365 ☎ 054-744-1199 • Your Room Number: ( ) How to Behave ①ON THE BUS • Be careful not to fall down on the stairs while getting on and off the bus. • Do not fight to sit in a particular seat with your friends. • Always fasten your seat belt on the bus. • Do not walk around while the bus is moving. • Do not be noisy. Talk quietly with your classmates. • When there is a video or a movie on the TV, do not stand up. • Never throw rubbish outside the window. • Never place any part of your body outside the window. • If you are sick, immediately tell your teacher. • In case of an accident, be calm and follow the driver or the teacher's instructions. -4-

How to Behave ②WHILE HAVING A MEAL • Be in line when you are getting your meal. • Be quiet when you are eating. • Do not eat your meal too fast. It might lead to a stomachache. • Try to be neat while having a meal. • If you can't eat it, it's okay not to eat it. Do not try to eat everything. • If the food has a bad smell, do not eat it. • After having a meal do what your teacher says to do. How to Behave ③WHILE SIGHTSEEING • Listen carefully to your teacher's explanation and record it in your notebook or this handbook. • If you have any questions, ask your teacher. You can't learn if you don't ask. • Do not go anywhere by yourself. Always be with your teacher and your friends. • Do not run around or shout. • You are not here to play. You are here to study. How to Behave ④IN THE RESORT • When you arrive at your room, you should wash your body. • Brush your teeth before you go to sleep. • Do not be noisy. You may talk quietly with your classmates. • Do not run around. It will make your room dusty. Also, you are not allowed to play with a ball such as football, baseball in the room. • Follow what the instructors say. • You may play or have a snack party with your friends, but you should not bother other rooms. • Do not fight with your friends. • Do not leave your room without your teacher's permission. • At night, turn off the lights. • Try to get some sleep, otherwise you will be very tired the next day. • If you can't sleep, do not bother others. • Wake up on time and prepare for the day.

Recording your expenses • Do not carry lots of money at one time. • Be careful not to lose your money. • Do not spend too much money. Do you really need it? • Do not buy too many snacks. • If you use money, you should record it in the table below. • Try to know how much money you have left. Use your money wisely. • For what did you spend the most money? ( ) • What do you regret buying? Why? ( ) -6-

Gyeongju muyeorwangneung (무열왕릉) By actively supporting ( ), Kim Chun-Chu was the first person of ( ) (meaning True Bone, lower royal class) who ascended to the throne and was named the King ( ). He especially accomplished alliance with the Chinese Tang Dynasty using his Proficient diplomatic skills, and made a great contribution to the great work of unifying the Three Kingdoms by destroying the ( ) Kingdom. While the body of the monument disappeared, the supporting stone ( ) and the head’s decorative stone ( ) remain. The letters are carved in the central part of the head’s decorative stone. These letters are in ( )(a type of handwriting), and are said to have been written By( ), the son of King Muyeol who was a noted calligrapher in those days. The realistic turtle image carved on the supporting stone of the monument powerfully attracts attention because the carving is so life-like. Doesn’t it seem to show the spirit of one country as if in flight after it just accomplished the unification of the Three Kingdoms? memo

Tomb of General Kim Yusin (김유신묘) Kim Yusin was a general in 7th century Silla. He led the unification of ( ) by Silla under the reign of King ( ) of Silla and Munmu of Silla. He is said to have been the great-grandchild of King Guhae the last ruler of (G ) state. Throughout his life (K ) had felt that (B ), (G ), and (S ) should not be separate countries but united. He is regarded as the driving force in the (u ) of the Korean Peninsula, and is the most famous of all the generals in the unification wars of the Three Kingdoms. Kim Yusin lived to the age of 79 and is considered to be one of the most famous generals and masters of Korean swords in Korean (h ). He is the focus of numerous stories and (l ), and is familiar to most Koreans from a very early age. Following his death in 673, (G ) Kim was awarded the honorary title of King Heungmu, and was buried at the foot of Songhwa Mountain, near (G )in south eastern Korea, in a tomb as splendid as that of kings. • memo…

Gyeongju national museum (국립경주박물관) There are a number of national museums in key locations across Korea, but the collection of this museum is especially important because it allows the general public, archaeologists, and historians to understand the rise of civilization in southeast Korea. The museum contains important items of national cultural heritage. They include the( ), which is said to ring with the sound of a ( ) who was sacrificed for its casting. The bell was commissioned by King Gyeongdeok to honor his father, ( ). This is the ( ) national treasure. There are several Silla crowns in the museum's collection. The museum also holds many artifacts excavated from ( )Pond and artifacts excavated from the ( )Temple site. Many holdings are displayed outdoors, a common practice in Korean museums. The volume of archaeological and historical artifacts in the collection of the ( ) is so large that most of the objects cannot be displayed and are thus stored out of the view of the general public. The Gyeongju National Museum has maintained an archaeological research department for decades, and staff there have conducted numerous field surveys and excavations in North ( ) Province. MEMO

Whang-Lyong-Sa temple(황룡사지) Whang-Lyong-Sa is a ( ) temple. It took a 100 years to make it at about B.C 57 and it's old prosperous looks only remains as stories. The Whang-Lyong-Sa 15 storied tower with a height that reaches 80m, was made to protect Silla from the ( )enemies near by and even only one side of it's floor reaches 22m. The tower which would have stood by and watched Kyung-Ju, was a international, world wide treasure that( )from all over the world came to see it. One of the parts in Whang-Lyong-Sa made of gold and copper from India, was still alive until the ( ) Dynasty. However, now there's only the prop (for support) left so people only estimate the humongous size of it. The unique antiquities that shows Whang-Lyong-Sa's beauties and big size is a '( )'. A ( ) is a fancy decoration that's higher than 1m-the biggest in the world- used to decorate the end of roofs. It makes us imagine about the resplendent and lustrous ancient Whang-Lyong-Sa. You can see them at the ( ) these days.

Dae-Leong-Won Tomb (Cheon-Ma-Chong) Dae-Leong-Won Tomb is big group of ( )' tomb in ancient Shinlar, located next to the Cheom-Seong-Dae. Dae-Leong-Won Tomb was named after Mi-Chu-King's tomb. In Dae-Leong-Won, there are ( ) tombs in total. Plus, Dae-Leong-Won is the biggest tomb in Gyeong-Ju. Those tombs are too tall, each tomb's height is over 12m. If you compare to other houses, you can realize how tall the tomb is. Dae-Leong-Won is divided into ( ) places largely. In Dae-Leong-Won, there are a mysterious tomb, called( ) This tomb is the only tomb that we can enter. Nobody knows who is the owner of this tomb. Cheon-Ma-Chong was named because a picture of horse flying was painted in ( ) This saddle flap is very important, because this painting is the only painting in Shinlar . In Cheon-Ma-Chong, many precious relic was found, including golden crown. Amazingly, ( ) relics were found in this tomb.

Cheomseongdae (첨성대) Cheomseongdae is an ( ) in ( ), ( ). Cheomseongdae means star-gazing tower in ( ). Cheomseongdae is the oldest surviving observatory in ( ), and one of the oldest scientific installations on Earth. It dates to the 7th century to the time of kingdom of ( ), which had its capital in Gyeongju. Cheomseongdae was designated as the country's ( ) on December 20, 1962. According to ( ), Cheomseongdae was constructed under the reign of ( ) (632-647) near the capital of the kingdom. Cheomseongdae means "star gazing platform". The tower is built out of 362 pieces of cut ( ) which some claim represent the 362 days of the ( ). Some surveys of the site have indicated that there are 366 blocks. It has 27 circular layers of stones (some associate it with the fact that Queen Seondeok was considered to be the 27th ruler of Silla or the constellation of stars) surmounted by a square structure. 12 of the layers are below the window level and 12 are above. There are 12 large base stones set in a square, with three stones on each side. These sets of 12 may symbolize the ( ) of the year. The tower is 5.7 meters wide at the base and 9.4 meters tall, and filled with earth up to the level of the window. Its construction style parallels that used at the ( )in Gyeongju. MEMO -13-

Gyeongju Namsan Mountain(경주남산) Gyeongju Namsan Mountain is also called “( )". "Gyeongju Namsan" is the name for the mountains which are located between Geum-oh Mountain and Go-we Mountain. Geum-oh Mountain is ( ) high and it's eight kilometers long and four kilometers wide. The mountain stretches from North to South, and it's an oval shaped mountain. It's slightly shifted to the south and it makes a right-triangle shape. There are Sangsaam, Haemokryeong and Dodangsan, which are the mountains stretching to north. In addition, there is Go-we mountain, which has a height of 495 meters. Go-we mountain is stretches to the south. The topography of Namsam Mountain is largely divided in to two parts; the ( . …… ) and the ( ). Dong Namsan is steep and short. However, compared to the Dong Namsan, Seo Namsam is flat and long. Seo Namsan's valleys are about ( ) long, and the Dong namsan's longest valley is 1.5 kilometers long. MEMO

Poseokjung(포석정) Poseokjung is a garden which was made during the ( ) period. The stones made the oval ditch and made water flow through it. The aristocrats of Silla period used to sit around the perimeter of the stream and would stage a fancy ( ). The record says that in the 880's ( ), who as the king, was the first person who used the Poseokjung. However, it is considered to be made before the Seventh century. Here, the record also says that ( ), who was also a king of the Silla period, died right here while he staged a splendid banquet, because of an unexpected attack by the ( ) military. The record says that he died right here at Poseokjung. MEMO

Bulguksa(불국사) Bulguksa is a temple which represents Korea. In Silla era, many temples were built and one of the temples was Bulguksa. It is in Gyeongsangbukdo, Gyeongju, ( ) mountain. The Temple was built in Silla era but it was burn because of Japanese ( ). It was rebuilt but now Bulguksa is quite different from Silla era's. Bulguksa was built ( ). 'Samguk Yu Sa5' Kim Dae Seong built it for his parents because of Buddhism. 'People will be reborn'. This is the word what Buddha says to his followers. Bulguksa has many national treasures like ( ) tower and ( ) tower so it is an the ( ) treasure. Every year many foreigners visit Bulguksa to see the national treasures and artwork. Today, monks work in Bulguksa. When you see building temple, the door is to the South and in front of it, it have two towers. One is in the East and other is in the West. The East tower's name is Dabo and national treasure number( ). It is very fancy. Another temple's is Seokga and this has sad story about it. MEMO -10-

Seokguram(석굴암) Seokguram was made by ( ) in the Silla era. The Construction finished in ( ) and it was first called ( ). Seokguram is the only place in the world where stone was made by people. It was made by ( ) and it has become a room that seems like a cave. The feature of this structure is symmetric and ( ) inside it with a statue of the Buddha as a center. Now, we have just 38pictures. This stone cave is made from ( ). It show us scientific skills from a long time ago. The rectangle room and circular room are connected. About 360stones are used for the ( ). This skill was hard to find a long time ago. The Stone cave in Seokguram is the best structure in Buddhism prime. Now, the Stone cave of Seokguram is a national treasure, number 24, and Seokguram became world cultural heritage in ( ). . MEMO -10-

Anapji, or Anap Pond(안압지) Anapji, or Anap Pond is an ( ) pond in Gyeongju National Park, South Korea. It was part of the palace complex of ancient Silla. It was constructed by order of ( ). The pond is situated at the northeast edge of the Banwolseong palace site, in central Gyeongju. It is an oval shape; 200m from east to west and 180m from north to south. It contains three small ( ). . Anapji was originally located near the palace of Silla called ( ). It is written in Samguk Sagi: "During the era of King Munmu, a new pond was made in the palace and flowers and birds flourished in this pond". There is also mention of a royal reception held by King Gyeongsun in ( ), when Silla was already crumbling. After the fall of Silla, the pond fell into disrepair for many centuries. The name Anapji appears in the ( ) century Joseon era document Augmented Survey of the Geography of Korea with the explanation that King Munmu made the pond with ( ) aesthetics. . MEMO -10-

Gawe grave(괘릉) Gwae grave is placed in low hill, in a southern pine tree forest. According to a scientist's estimation, it is ( ) shilla Won-Seong king's grave. Won-Seong king real name was Gyeong-Shin. He was the great grand son of the ( ), Ne-mool king. Won-Seong king left many accomplishmets behind him, such as byeog-gul je. Long ago, there was a little pond by the grave, but people who made the grave did not change the pond shape, and just buried the king by the pond. This is why this grave is called ‘( ) grave'. Under the grave with round shape, there is surrounding rocks to protect the grave. In this rock, there is ( ). Four of them are at the front of the mound, and at 80meters long, there is ( ) statuette, and rock that has patterns in it. This rock's pattern is very interesting and smart specially in mu-in rock, there is person with ( ) face, which is maybe a persian person. For this shilla people's art, we can see the shilla were very tallented. Gyeong- ju Gwae grave name changed the name to Won- Seong king grave. . MEMO -18-

Diary : Day 3 -20-

After finishing the History Camp -21-

Editors' Note We learned lots of things by studying and searching about Gyeongju. We're very grateful for our teammates work. Although their grammar was incredibly wrong, it still gave us information about simple facts. I wish our school students will read this with special care. Thank You. Editors Moon sangjun, Lee jimin, Park chelin, Shin jeong Hoon Teachers (지도교사) 이기문, 정원종 선생님및 원어민 선생님들 Editors (편집장) 문상준, 이지민, 박채린, 신정훈 Teammates (편집장, 조장, 조원) Team 1 – 박채린, 이채린, 신수현 Team 2 – 신정훈, 김승현, 정유진 Team 3 – 이유빈, 남규빈, 나홍찬, 문상준, 임석현 Team 4 – 이지민, 손지원, 김정규, 민소연 -29-

2012 History Camp Handbook <Gyeongju>