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CMS HL-LHC EM Calorimeter Upgrade

CMS HL-LHC EM Calorimeter Upgrade. M. Hansen, CERN for the CMS ECAL upgrade project(s). Content. Legacy system design and Status Requirements Barrel Calorimeter electronics upgrade End Cap calorimeter upgrade Conclusion. Legacy ECAL Barrel FE electronics system - Design and Status.

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CMS HL-LHC EM Calorimeter Upgrade

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  1. CMS HL-LHCEM Calorimeter Upgrade M. Hansen, CERN for the CMS ECAL upgrade project(s)

  2. Content • Legacy system design and Status • Requirements • Barrel Calorimeter electronics upgrade • End Cap calorimeter upgrade • Conclusion M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  3. Legacy ECAL Barrel FE electronics system- Design and Status • Modularity • 25 channels = 1 trigger tower • Features • Trigger Primitive generation • Pipeline, event buffer in FE • Status • 25/2592 with issues • 13/2592 irrecoverable FE card FENIX ASICS in 0.25um tech STRIP ASIC FENIX FENIX GOL 800Mbps STRIP ASIC TCP ASIC HSSer. FENIX STRIP ASIC FENIX FENIX GOL 800Mbps STRIP ASIC DAQ ASIC HSSer VFE card (5x) FENIX APD1; G=50 STRIP ASIC 3 gain MGPA (5x) PWO crystal 4p.e. / MeV to APD pair PD1 QuadADC (5x) PreAmp ADC APD2; G=50 Trigger etc. PD2 Dynamic range 40MeV – 1.5TeV, 40ns RC-CR Low voltage regulator board – 10 linear rad tol regulators M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  4. LegacyECAL Barrel trigger tower FE Front end chip CCU (Slow control) QPLL (clock cleaning) GOH (GOL hybrid) VFE Low voltage regulators Mother board M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  5. LegacyECAL Supermodule integration & Slow control • 72 legacy towers in SuperModule • 36SM in total • Slow and fast control in 8 rings • Single tower of fibre failure recovery; very few issues to date M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  6. Noise vs ageing • Electronic noise vs ageing and eta • APD dark current predicted to increase with integrated luminosity – confirmed -> • Large Extrapolation suggest noise increase by a factor 10 after 3000fb-1 • Roughly corresponds to 400 MeV/channel • TBC by measurements • The feasibility to operate the ECAL barrel colder and thereby decrease the APD dark current noise is under study M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  7. CMS ECAL Barrel Anomalous events:Spikes Hadrons interacting with the APD’s causing anomalous high E deposits HCAL (2) APD Crystal Hadrons come from primary interaction and backsplash M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  8. LegacyReal Time Spike rejection Algorithm • An EM shower deposit E in more than one crystal • A spike typically occurs only in one APD Spike EM shower eta strip number: 1 2 3 4 5 eta strip number: 1 2 3 4 5 crystal above threshold ϕ ϕ crystal below threshold 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 channels above threshold 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 channels above threshold 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 strip LUT result: strip LUT result: OR result: 1 (shower-like) OR result: 0 (spike-like) TCP ASIC → OR of 5 strip LUT results strip LUT configuration: 00000,00001,00010,00100,01000,10000 → output=0 all other combinations → output=1 CMS HL-LHC EM Calorimeter Upgrade @ ACES2014 M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  9. Spike rates • L1 Spike rejection in 2012 O(95%) • Rate sustainable up to LS3 with somewhat raised channel threshold • Legacy Spike Rejection Algorithm is sensitive to PU (see plot ->) • Exploring improvements having access to full granularity of data in the trigger path • Single crystal readout • Exploring pulse-shape variables to provide an additional efficiency/rejection safety margin • Analogue Signal Processing M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  10. ECAL barrel Phase 2 UpgradeRequirements • Requirements • Trigger rate up to 1 MHz • Legacy max ~150 kHz • Trigger latency up to 25 us • Legacy max ~5 us • Full installation during LHC Long Shutdown 3 • Maintained or improved reliability and availability • Improve the EB spike mitigation • High on the wish list • Decrease the Low Voltage Current delivered to the Front End system in order to decrease the physical volume required for services • Solid failure mitigation scheme • E.g. avoid dependence between neighbours M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  11. Phase 2 ECAL Barrel FE electronics system- Design idea • Modularity • 1 channel for readout and trigger • As legacy for services (bias, LV) • Features • Trigger-less • Streaming • Requires 10 Gbps GBT • 4 fibers/readout unit FE card GBT 9,6Gbps 4.8/9.6Gbps 9.6Gbps HSSer Data stream GBT HSSer Data stream + control handshake 4.8Gbps Controls VFE card GBT HSSer QIE? Data stream PreAmp/ADC? APD PbW crystal PD1 PreAmp? ADC? APD PD2 LV regulatorboard, e.g 3 rad tol DCDC M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  12. Phase 2 ECAL Barrel FE electronics system- Design idea • Modularity • 1 channel for readout and trigger • As legacy for services (bias, LV) • Features • Trigger-less • Streaming • Requires 5 GbpsGBT • 6 fibers/readout unit FE card GBT 4.8Gbps 4.8Gbps 4.8Gbps 4.8Gbps 4.8Gbps HSSer Data stream GBT HSSer Data stream GBT HSSer Data stream + control handshake 4.8Gbps Controls VFE card GBT HSSer QIE? Data stream GBT PreAmp/ADC? APD HSSer PbW crystal PD1 Data stream PreAmp? ADC? APD PD2 LV regulator board, e.g5 rad tol DCDC M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  13. Current EB R&D plan for TPVFE • Develop a VFE chip set and Carrier • Develop the optimal scheme for spike detection • At the source, i.e. in the very front end amplifier and ADC • In the back end exploiting fine granularity of channel level data • Define the best compromise between noise and power consumption • Considering the increased APD noise due to radiation damage • Considering the possibility to operate the ECAL barrel below room temperature • Optimise sensitivity to out-of-time Pile-Up • Optimise sampling rate and pulse shaping time for HL-LHC conditions M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  14. Current EB R&D plan for TP • Develop the upgraded front end power system demonstrator • Develop a carrier for e.g. the DCDC module described last Tuesday afternoon by Federico Faccio • Evaluate with legacy front end system • Look out for issues with Noise and Thermal management • Develop a front end card Demonstrator • Streaming data to the back end • Look out for issues with Thermal management • Study existing CMS back end cards and define requirements for the future ECAL back end system • E.g. cards developed for the CMS level 1 trigger phase 1 upgrade M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  15. CMS EB upgrade Working Groups • WG1: Evaluate Scope of Upgrade with regard to Risk and Schedule • W. Funk, M. Hansen, et al. • WG2: Develop motivation and Evaluate options for upgrading the VFE and the LVR • M. Dejardin et al. • WG3: Evaluate the desired Functionality and characteristics of replacement FE card • A. Singovsky, J.C. Silva, et al. • WG4: Detector Monitoring • D. Bailleux, P. Gras, et al. • Group of electronics developers is growing M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  16. Endcaps section M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  17. CMS Endcap calorimeter upgrade • ECAL and HCAL Endcaps are suffering radiation damage • Planning re-build or fully replace ECAL and HCAL Endcaps for HL-LHC • Three proposals on the table HCAL ECAL ES M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  18. End-cap calorimeter upgrade Proposal 1Shashlik ECAL Electronics location(s) • The Shashlik proposal comprises ECAL and a re-built full HCAL endcap • Readout chain very similar to ECAL barrel Hl-LHC upgrade and HCAL legacy / Phase 1 • ~ECAL barrel system size: 61k channels • SiPM location alternatives • In front of HCAL: InGaP PM and 3m analogue cable • Behind HCAL: SiPM and 3m fiber carrying Shashlik light O F F - D E T E C T O R Intermediate Layer behind HCAL: • E.g. Igloo3 radtol FPGA • 10Gb optical link drivers • Services • -- Power • -- Controls PreAmp? ADC? PreAmp/ADC? SiPM QIE10 PD M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  19. End-cap calorimeter upgrade Proposal 2Combined Forward Calorimeter • CFC Comprises full ECAL and full HCAL endcap • Essentially three ~ECAL barrel sized readout systems • Scintillating, quartz, timing • Fine timing data stored in ROC • Read out after L1A O F F - D E T E C T O R SiPM Scintillating fiber (Slow) PD • Electronics located behind HCAL: • E.g. Igloo3 FPGA • 10Gb optical link drivers • Services • -- Power • -- Controls FPGA e.g. Igloo 3 QIEx, TDC SiPM Quartz fiber (fast) PD QIEx, TDC L1A ROC, e.g. Domino Ring Sampler; (“Sparsified” 5 GHz sampling) M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  20. End-cap calorimeter upgrade Proposal 3High Granularity Calorimeter • HGC Comprises full ECAL and half HCAL endcap • Combined with half re-built legacy HCAL Endcap • “Coarse” trigger primitives sent off detector • Full granularity data stored in ROC • Read out after L1A 64 Chan FE ROC Trigger Primitives 5Gbps e-link O F F - D E T E C T O R Intermediate Layer: Behind HCAL: • Map on 10Gb optical links • Services • -- Power • -- Controls (Fast and Slow) RO/CTRL 30k modules in 41 planes Absorber interleaved M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

  21. Conclusion • Described the Legacy CMS ECAL Electronics system design and Status • Described few issues to be addressed with the upgrade of the CMS ECAL electronics system • Listed a set of CMS Requirements, general to CMS phase 1 and Phase 2 upgrades • Listed future R&D for the ECAL Barrel Calorimeter electronics upgrade • Briefly described options for the Endcap calorimeter upgrade • All in all, interesting time ahead of us M. Hansen, CERN. magnus.hansen@cern.ch

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