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Black Holes . By: Peter Harriss. What are they?. Black holes are super condensed dead stars with unbelievably strong gravity.
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Black Holes By: Peter Harriss
What are they? • Black holes are super condensed dead stars with unbelievably strong gravity. • They are the result of some stellar supernovae, but not all due to the fact that the star has to be massive enough to cause itself to fall inwards. When they collapse in- ward they do so at near or of the speed of light.
The major components of a Black Hole are the event horizon, and singularity or actual region of where the hole itself is. And the singularity is the cause of the gravity. • The event horizon is the point at which, if caught nothing (not even light) can escape the gravitational pull.
Star begins to die,……star explodes,…….falls back due to gravity and becomes black hole.
After math • They consume everything near by. Except in some cases where there is an extreme amount of gases near by left over from the supernova. These gases then begin to orbit the black hole and release giant amounts of energy in the form of x-rays that shoot off into what ever direction of space that they may, these are called Quasars.
Black holes are a lot closer to home than you think. In fact there is one right in the middle of the milky way galaxy.
Like everything else black holes are not infinite, and overtime evaporate. (Hawking) • This happens when they start to exert a large amount of energy, so in a sense black holes are like black versions of stars. • Stephen hawking has done much work on black holes, they have earned him much praise from the public and the scientific community. In one paper he theorized that when matter entered the black hole it is a form of data and that when it eventual dies the data from the matter is lost, current research shows that the data is merely transformed into a different form.
What would it look like inside? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3pAnRKD4raY • Time Machines?................ • http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=i0cVdPHOIxw&feature=endscreen • END OF BLACK HOLES
Stars, planets, and everything in between. • Stars- are giant balls of Hydrogen and Helium burning bright due to the fusion of Hydrogen in their core. When stars die they create heavier elements such as oxygen, and neon. When they die they go out in a massive explosion which results in a nebula, leaving where it once was a neutron star, or black hole, but in order to become a black hole it has to have enough mass.
And it is from the death of stars that creation of smaller stars and solar systems takes place, because of the elements floating around which are eventually attracted towards each other by the force of gravity. • Gravity is the main motor behind the formation of celestial bodies in the cosmos. Gravity is the act of space wrapping around mass, the more mass, the more gravitational attraction that object has on other objects. This is why on some planets in the solar system, if you were to walk on them you would be either lighter or heavier than on earth. This is the reason that Jupiter did not transform into a star, because the sun had the most mass so attracted most of the massive objects near Jupiter that would have gone to it, therefore giving it enough gravity to fuse hydrogen if the sun had not interfered. The massive objects are theorized to be the inner planets.
So to summarize when a star dies it creates heavy elements, which form nebulae, which form smaller splinter stars and solar systems, which over time may spawn life……….. • Everything you and I have come to know, even our- selves were made, because of the formation of heavier elements in the death of stars. So when you look up in the night sky and see thousands of stars that probably aren’t there any more you have to wonder if there couldn’t be other life out there.
The possibility of life is very great, when you think about it, there are millions of stars that we can see, and billions that we can’t. The universe is the largest known object to mankind and to have life unique to Earth is highly unlikely. • But if there is other life out there what would they look like? They won’t be what most sci-fi directors portray them to be, human like, little green men, no they will have characteristics based on their environment, meaning gravity, atmosphere, temperature,..Etc. and so on.
So a planet with a methane atmosphere may have inhabitants with good filtration systems, or just be able to breathe methane, so our atmosphere may be toxic to them and vise versa. • What if they are on a planet six or more times earth’s mass, they may be giant pure muscle slugs or the same with a less massive planet with creatures that are tall and thin. • But what about this, could there be life in our own milky way?
To give you an idea……… • You are a dot on earth, which is a dot in the solar system, which is dot in the milky way, which is a dot in a galaxy cluster, which is a dot in the universe, and some theorize the universe is one of many in a vast endless expanse called the multiverse. So you tell me is the possibility of life great……. I would venture to say it is almost certain.
Aliens are just part of the wondrous possibilities awaiting us in the cosmos, worlds filled with gas to be harvested for fuel, and new sources of energy. Not to mention time travel possibilities.
Time travel • Time is the fourth dimension, it is a forward flowing river that cannot be stopped. It is what you use to keep track of age, date, year,..Etc. But how would one travel forward or back ward in time, well first to rule out a few things……..
Past • Time travel into the past is theoretically possible with the help of worm holes, (Worm Holes are theoretical portals through time and space). But you would not want to travel backwards in time because of several things, The Grand Father Paradox is one particular possibility that is undesirable. In this Paradox if you were to go back in time and interfere with your, or any of your blood relatives lives that resulted in your creation, then there would be a great possibility that you would cease to exist.
Another is the butterfly effect (self explanatory). • Probably the worst thing to happen would be feedback from natural radiation, circling through past and present until the inevitable explosion. • But although time travel into the past isn’t desirable or likely, time travel into the future is. • What do black holes and the Pyramids of Giza have in common?___________
Answer, they both have a dragging effect on time. In fact everything with mass does. • If you were to stand close enough to where the effect of the pyramid’s gravity is at play then, although it may not be obvious to you, you would be experiencing a dragging effect on time. • The same is true with a Black Hole, if you were to get close enough to one to experience the full effect of gravity, then you would experience anywhere from half to a third Earth time. So maybe ten years for you is thirty for people on Earth.
Time is quirky and fun to think about as is most Physics. • So to give you a few things to think about over break…. • What would happen if a mad scientist were to expand a worm hole travel one minute into the future and turn, look one minute in the past through the portal in which he just came and kill himself one minute in the past? (Hawking) • What would happen if you had a time machine, and went into the future and came back with a large amount of matter from the future, now keep in mind the amount of matter and energy in the universe will not change in the past, so what would be the effects of introducing new matter into the universe? • (Wendelin)
Works cited • 98% from my head • 2% Stephen Hawking’s THE THEORY OF EVERYTHING • Youtube.com/PHYSICS LOVERS
