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Los Pronombres

Los Pronombres. Background. To use pronouns correctly, you must first understand some basic grammatical concepts. Most importantly you need to know the difference between a subject and an object. Subjects. Subjects DO the action in a sentence. Ella lleva un anorak.

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Los Pronombres

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  1. Los Pronombres

  2. Background • To use pronouns correctly, you must first understand some basic grammatical concepts. • Most importantly you need to know the difference between a subjectand an object.

  3. Subjects • Subjects DO the action in a sentence. • Ella llevaun anorak. • Los viajerostienensuspasaportes. • Mariana buscauna mesa libre.

  4. Subjects are connected to the verb. • In Spanish, it is not always necessary to STATE the subject. It can be “hidden” in the verb itself. • No tengo (“hidden” yo)mi tareaestanoche. • Compramos (“hidden nosotros)comida para la fiesta.

  5. Objects • Objects are NOT connected to the verb in a sentence. • Objects RECEIVE the action in a sentence. • They can receive action DIRECTLY (direct objects) or INDIRECTLY (indirect objects) • El profesor (S)da (V) la tarea (D.O.) a los alumnos (I.O.)

  6. Pronouns • Pronouns REPLACE nouns. • You already know many kinds of pronouns: • Subject Pronouns • Object Pronouns • Direct Object • Indirect Object • Reflexive

  7. Subject Pronouns • Subject pronouns REPLACE SUBJECTS. • Subject pronouns are connected to the verb. • They are: • Yo, tú, él, ella, ud., nosotros, (vosotros), ellos, ellas, uds. • Pacotienepelorubio, Paco no tienepelomoreno. • Pacotienepelorubio, élno tienepelomoreno.

  8. Direct Object Pronouns • Direct object pronouns replace direct objects. • me, te, lo, la, nos, los, las • (me, you, him/it, her/it, us, them) • Yotellamoestanoche. • Los compramos en el mercado.

  9. Indirect Object Pronouns • Indirect object pronouns replace indirect objects. • me, te, les, nos, les • You have already used indirect object pronouns with gustar and related verbs. • Me interesa el fútbol. • Nosgusta la playa • Te aburren los deportes.

  10. More examples • El médico le daunarecetaal enfermo. • The action is da (to give) • The prescription (receta) is directly being given. It’s the direct object • The sick person is indirectly being affected by the action.

  11. Le / Les • Le and Les can be both masculine and feminine. • For clarity, sometimes they are used with noun phrases: • Le habloa él. Les habloa ellos. a ella. a ellas. a usted. a uds.

  12. Placement of Pronouns • Subjects/ subject pronouns come before the verb in statements and often follow the verb in questions. • Elena esperuana. • ¿Es ellaperuana?

  13. Object Pronoun Placement • Object pronouns (direct and indirect) can always come before a conjugated verb. • Yola vi anoche. (I saw her last night) • You also have the option of attaching them to an infinitive or to a gerund. • Yoquieroverla. • Yoestoymirándola. • Note that when you attach a pronoun to a gerund, you must put an accent over the “a” in –ando or the “e” in -iendo

  14. Reflexive Pronouns • Reflexive pronouns are used with reflexive verbs. • Reflexive verbs are used when the subject and object in a sentence are the SAME. • Reflexive infinitives are written with a (se) at the end: llamar(se), lavar(se) • The reflexive pronouns are: me, te, se, nos, se • (myself, yourself, him/her/yourself, ourselves, your selves, theirselves.

  15. Reflexive continued… • Yo me lavola cara. • Ellos se lavanla cara. • Nosotrosnoslavamos la cara. • BUT: • Yolavo el coche. • Elloslavan los platos. • Nosotroslavamos los perros.

  16. More…. • Placement for reflexive pronouns is the same as placement for object pronouns • Before conjugated verb • Attached to infinitive or gerund • When you refer to an article of clothing or to parts of the body with reflexive verbs definite articles (and not possessive pronouns) are used • Yo me lavolacara. NOT Yo me lavomicara.

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