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New Information On Value Of Distillers Grains In Meat Goat Rations

New Information On Value Of Distillers Grains In Meat Goat Rations. Terry K. Hutchens, Extension Goat Specialist University of Kentucky. U.S. Goat Industry 2006. Goat inventory numbers Jan. 1, 2006 USDA data Indicates U.S. goat numbers 2,826,000; meat goats (80% of total)

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New Information On Value Of Distillers Grains In Meat Goat Rations

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  1. New Information On Value Of Distillers Grains In Meat Goat Rations Terry K. Hutchens, Extension Goat Specialist University of Kentucky

  2. U.S. Goat Industry 2006 • Goat inventory numbers Jan. 1, 2006 USDA data • Indicates U.S. goat numbers 2,826,000; meat goats (80% of total) • Texas supply 1,320,000 (1,080,000 meat goats) or • 47-48% of national goat population • There is an undersupply of domestic goat meat despite increased domestic slaughter • increases in domestic slaughter prices ($1.25/lb live weight) • increased annual imports (Approaching 50% from Australia and New Zealand)

  3. Kentucky Goat Industry • Goat numbers in 1997 was 16,223 and by 2002 increased to 68,412 (2002 Ag Census for Ky.) • Ninety percent are meat goats • In that same time period: • sheep numbers only increased by 1,155; • hogs decreased by 198,821; • cattle decreased by 81,473 head • Meat and other goat numbers increased from 74,000 in Jan. 2007 to 81,400 in Jan. 2008.

  4. U.S. Goat Meat Market Outlook • At this point the market is ethnic driven • By 2009 - 23,000,000 ethnic goat meat consumers will reside in the U.S. • Federal inspected goat slaughter in 2003, • 645,954 goats, (26 million lbs), • 45% increase from 1998 • Approximately 50% of goat slaughter occurs in the North East • More goats are slaughter in New Jersey than any other state • It is estimated that 50% of U.S goats are slaughter on farmers or in non-USDA graded facilities. (Amer. Meat Goat Assc.)

  5. Imports We are not alone! • U.S. is a net importer of goat meat • 151% increase from 1999 – 2003 • Imports are a significant portion of the total consumption • 17 million lbs in 2003 or 450,000 more goats needed • Australia is the major supplier of goat meat to the U.S. • Most are frozen carcasses! • The consumer prefers fresh!

  6. Kentucky’s Goat Enterprise Source: USDA/NASS

  7. Meat Goat Enterprises in Kentucky • Industry Divisions • Commercial breeding herd - meat • Purebred breeding herd – breeding stock • Feeding lots – slaughter kid meat production • Cull doe slaughter market • Embryo recipient does • Show wethers – 4-H, FFA • Recreational • Tourism • Vegetation management

  8. Breeding Herd of Boer Cross Meat Goats Grazing duration: 44 days No. of cycles: 3 No. grazing days: 3960 90 adult goats ~ 4.6 a total ~ 04 a/plot

  9. Stockyards Purchased Feeder Kids • Feeder kids are purchased weighing 30-35 lbs • Fed for 55-60 days • Sold at 60 to 70 lbs as slaughter kids • Slaughter kids are sold at graded and grouped sales or sold directly off farms to order buyers.

  10. Following purchase, feeder kids are processed through a disease prevention health program, weighed and put on feed.

  11. Feeder Kids Are Put on Feed and Hand Fed Once or twice Daily No self feeders

  12. Feeder Kids are given free access to hay, water and mineral

  13. How can we reduce feed cost?

  14. General Nutrient Requirements for Meat Goats

  15. 2006 Comparison of DDGS and Other Co-Product Feeds With a Leading Commercial Pelleted Feed • Simple feed lot study • Comparing a commercial pelleted feed with blended feeds containing DDGS as a protein and energy source. • Total of 60 mix sexed goats averaging 40 lbs were randomly allocated to 3 groups of 20. • Allocations were based on weight and sex. • Goats were given a 7 day warm up period and hand fed twice daily for 56 days. • The concentrates were fed at 3% of body weight daily and hay was consumed ad lib. • Concentrates and commercial feed were equal in protein and energy and balanced to meet or exceed nutritional requirements (Based on NRC 1981) • Funded by Distillers Grains Technology Council

  16. Commercial 16 % Pelleted feed 20%-40%-40% 20-Distillers Grains with Soluables, 40- Soybean Hulls, 40- Whole Corn 30%-30%-40% 30-Distillers Grains with Soluables, 30- Soybean Hulls, 40- Whole Corn Hand Fed at 3% of body weight Comparison of DDGS and Other Co-Product Feeds With a Leading Pelleted Feed

  17. Summery • DDGS and other by-product feeds appear to be an alternative to commercial pelleted feeds • Cost of feed may be reduced by as much as 50% • By-Product feeds are readily available • Some by-product feeds vary in nutrient and physical quality • Storage facilities are usually needed • Feed additives must be provided or added • Feeder goats gain as well on the high fiber alternative feeds containing DDGS as they do on high starch feeds without the metabolic difficulties associated with the starch

  18. Allow 12” of bunk space for feeder goats 8” and variable height as needed to control escape. Feed bunk 6” PVC pipe cut in half & bolted to a board on the back side 15” 27” 1 full inch 12” Feedlot fed slaughter goats

  19. 2005 Pasture DemonstrationFinishing Feeder Goats on DDGS, Sorghum Sudangrass and Johnsongrass Pasture(3 acres and grazing for 56 days) DDGS fed at 1% of body weight at 0.55 lbs/hd/day

  20. 2007 Evaluation of DDGS as an Energy and Protein Source in the Diets of Feeder Kids • Replicated feedlot study (2) • Comparing a typical corn and soybean meal ration with rations composed of increasing levels of DDGS for the total ration • DDGS at 0%, 10%, 15% and 25% of the total ration

  21. 2007 Evaluation of DDGS as an Energy and Protein Source in the Diets of Feeder Kids • Total of 160 mix sexed feeder goats were randomly allocated to 4 treatments, 8 pens with 20 kids per pen. Allocations were based on weight and sex. • Goats were given a 14 day warm up period and hand fed twice daily for 56 days. • The concentrate was fed at 3% of body weigh and hay was fed ad lib. • Hay was weighted into the feeder and wastage was estimated (1 lb per day disappearance and 20% wastage). • Diets were balance using both concentrates and hay and all diets were similar in energy and protein content. • Diets were balanced to meet or exceed nutritional requirements (Based on NRC 2007) • Funded by Distiller Grains Technology Council

  22. DDGS Inclusion Rates

  23. Nutrient Analysis Hay and Concentrate

  24. Gain Component

  25. Feed Cost

  26. Carcass Evaluation

  27. Carcass Yield for Kids Fed Increasing Levels of DDGS

  28. Adding Condensed Distillers Solubles to the 25% DDGS Ration

  29. Adding Condensed Distillers Solubles to the 25% DDGS Ration • The addition of 10% Condensed Distillers Solubles to a ration allows the reduction of primary protein source by 30-40%. • Condensed Distillers Solubles is and excellent feed conditioner. • Feeder kids appear to tolerate up to 6% fat in the ration. • The product must be applied at feeding.

  30. Guaranteed Analysis • Crude Protein, min………………..….……….16% • Crude Fat, min……………......………………..10% • Crude Fiber, max………….…………..……….2.0% • ADF, max………………………………..…....……5.0% • Calcium, min……………………..…………..0.025% • Calcium, max…………………………….……..0.40% • Phosphorus, min……………………………..0.25% • Sodium, min…………………………………….0.80% • Sodium, max…………………………………….1.30% • Potassium, min…………………………………0.50% • Selenium, min…………………………………..0.04% • (NPN component is Ammonium chloride)

  31. Questions ??

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