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Academic Achievement Gap December 2, 2004

Academic Achievement Gap December 2, 2004. What is the achievement gap?. Correlation between race, and or poverty and low academic achievement. The Roots of the Gap.

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Academic Achievement Gap December 2, 2004

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  1. Academic Achievement GapDecember 2, 2004

  2. What is the achievement gap? Correlation between race, and or poverty and low academic achievement

  3. The Roots of the Gap “…while the achievement gap formally appears as early as kindergarten, assessments have shown that a sizable gap can be found in young children before they start school. (Kober, 2001)” -Closing the Achievement Gap

  4. The History • 1966 James Coleman • 1970 NAEP • 1983 A Nation At Risk • 1988 High water mark • 1990 The Bell Curve, Hernstein and Murray • 1998 ECLS-K • NCLB 2001

  5. The gap varies geographically The gaps are widest in the Midwest and Northeast.

  6. Urban Problem “…dimensions of the gap transcend the conditions found in urban schools.” Closing the Achievement Gap, 2003

  7. Poverty or Race “Even within the same schools middle class black students tend to score lower on achievement tests than whites.” -Closing the Achievement Gap, 2003

  8. How is it measured? • Standardized Testing ITBS/ ITED • Gifted and Talented, Special Education • AP and Advanced course enrollments • Graduation Rates • College Going Rates • College Completion Rates • Graduate School Admissions • Income Levels

  9. Why ? • Parent Involvement • Teacher Expectations • Teacher Race • TV • Test Bias • Curriculum • OTL • Stereotype Threat • Books in the Home

  10. Achievement Gap • National Data • National Thoughts on Strategies • Des Moines Data • Des Moines Strategies • Des Moines Plans

  11. Where Are We Now?NAEP 8th Grade Mathematics All Students 2000

  12. NAEP 8th Grade Mathematics 2000

  13. NAEP 8th Grade Math Performance 2000

  14. Gaps Narrow, Then Hold Steady or Widen: NAEP Math Scores, 13 Year-Olds Source: US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. NAEP 1999 Trends in Academic Progress (p. 108) Washington, DC: US Department of Education, August 2000

  15. Gaps Narrow, Then Mostly Widen NAEP Reading, 17 Year-Olds Source: US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. NAEP 1999 Trends in Academic Progress (p. 107) Washington, DC: US Department of Education, August 2000

  16. Too Few 17 Year-Olds Demonstrate Strong Reading Skills Source: USDOE, NCES, 1999 NAEP Summary Data Tables

  17. Too Few 17 Year-Olds Demonstrate Strong Math Skills Source: USDOE, NCES, 1999 NAEP Summary Data Tables

  18. African American and Latino 17 Year Olds Do Math at Same Levels As White 13 Year Olds Source: NAEP 1999 Long Term Trends Summary Tables (online)

  19. African American and Latino 17 Year Olds Read at Same Levels as White 13 Year Olds Source: Source: NAEP 1999 Long Term Trends Summary Tables (online)

  20. Not surprisingly, these patterns are also clear in graduation and college entry rates Education Trust

  21. Students Graduate From High School At Different Rates Source: US Bureau of Census, Current Population Reports, Educational Attainment in the United States: March 1998 (p. 20-513), Detailed Tables No. 2

  22. Highest Achieving Low-Income Students Attend Postsecondary at Same Rate as Bottom Achieving High Income Students Source: NELS: 88, Second (1992) and Third Follow up (1994); in, USDOE, NCES, NCES Condition of Education 1997 p. 64

  23. Of Every 100 White Kindergartners: (24 Year-Olds) Source: US Bureau of Census, Current Population Reports, Educational Attainment in the United States; March 2000, Detailed Tables No. 2

  24. Of Every 100 African American Kindergartners: • 87 Graduate from High School • 51 Complete at Least some College • 17 Graduate from College

  25. Of Every 100 Latino Kindergartners: (24 Year-Olds) Source: US Bureau of Census, Current Population Reports, Educational Attainment in the United States; March 2000, Detailed Tables No. 2

  26. Of Every 100 American Indian/Alaskan Native Kindergartners: (24 Year Olds)

  27. College Graduates by Age 24 Source: Tom Mortenson, Research Seminar on Public Policy Analysis of Opportunity for Post Secondary, 1997.

  28. Schools Making Gains

  29. Wrigley Elementary • 78% Low-Income • 3rd Highest Performing in State in Reading • 6th Highest Performing in State in Writing KENTUCKY

  30. Mount Royal Elementary/Middle, Baltimore, MD • 99% African American • 73% Low-Income • Highest Performing in State on state’s 5th grade Math test. • Top 10% of state in 5th grade reading. MARYLAND

  31. Pimlico Elementary, Baltimore, MD • 100% African American • 94% Low-Income • Top 1% in improvement on the state’s 5th grade Math test. Maryland

  32. DC Key Academy • 100% African American • 81% low-income • Founded in 2001 in southeast D.C. In its first year, housed in the basement of a church in Anacostia. Source: “KIPP:Schools” fact sheet fromKIPP National office. www.kipp.org

  33. DC Key Academy: First-Year Student Gains Are Double the National Average Source: New American Schools Education Performance Network. Evaluating Success: KIPP Educational Program Evaluation. October 2002. Key Academy gains compare spring 5th grade results to fall pre-test; national gains based on spring 4th to spring 5th.

  34. Hambrick Middle School,Aldine, TX • 94% African American and Latino (state = 56%) • 85% low-income (state = 50%) • Has performed in the top fifth of all Texas middle schools in both reading and math in both 7th and 8th grades over a 3-year period.

  35. Hambrick Middle School, Aldine, TX Source: New York State Department of Education. Analyses by Student Subgroup of School Performance in English Language Arts and Mathematics for Lincoln School in Mount Vernon City School District. March 7, 2002.

  36. Prince Edward County High, Farmville VA (715 students – 55% African American and Latino) Sources: Virginia Department of Education Web site, http://www.pen.k12.va.us/VDOE/Assessment/2002SOLpassrates.html.

  37. Norview High School, Norfolk, VA (1,560 students – 70% African American and Latino) Sources: Virginia Department of Education Web site, http://www.pen.k12.va.us/VDOE/Assessment/2002SOLpassrates.html.

  38. Iowa • Cedar Falls • Creston • Davenport* • LeMars • Saydel • South Tama Breaking Barriers to Learning and Teaching Award, 2004

  39. And some entire states...

  40. 4th Grade Math African American Gains Between 1992 and 2000 Source: USDOE, NCES, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) Summary Data Tables

  41. 4th Grade Math Latino Gains Between 1992 and 2000 Source: USDOE, NCES, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) Summary Data Tables

  42. Differences among states so large that minority and/or poor students in some states outperforming white and/or non-poor students in others.

  43. 8th Grade Writing: African Americans in Texas Perform as Well or Better Than Whites in 7 States Source: NCES, National Assessment of Educational Progress

  44. Successful schools, districts, and states a wonderful good news story for public education.

  45. But also contain a lot of lessons on what works...

  46. They Have Clear, High Goals and Consistent Approaches • They are relentless in pursuing them • They don’t keep changing strategies.

  47. Grade 10 Writing Assignment A frequent theme in literature is the conflict between the individual and society. From literature you have read, select a character who struggled with society. In a well-developed essay, identify the character and explain why this character’s conflict with society is important.

  48. Grade 10 Writing Assignment Write a composition of at least 4 paragraphs on Martin Luther King’s most important contribution to this society. Illustrate your work with a neat cover page. Neatness counts.

  49. Transcript Study: single biggest predictor of college success is the quality and intensity of the high school curriculum Cliff Adelman, Answers in the Tool Box, U.S. Department of Education.

  50. Students of all sorts will learn more...

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