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The Civil Rights era

The Civil Rights era. Jackie Robinson. Integrated baseball in 1947 Played for Brooklyn (later LA) Dodgers Became one of best players ever. Integration of Armed Forces. 1948 – Truman integrated military Korean War 1 st US war fought with desegregated units. Brown v. BOE.

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The Civil Rights era

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  1. The Civil Rights era

  2. Jackie Robinson • Integrated baseball in 1947 • Played for Brooklyn (later LA) Dodgers • Became one of best players ever

  3. Integration of Armed Forces • 1948 – Truman integrated military • Korean War 1st US war fought with desegregated units

  4. Brown v. BOE • 1954 – Topeka, Kansas • SC case outlawed segregated schools • Violated Equal Protection Clause • Portion of 14th amendment • Citizens must be treated equally

  5. After Brown (1954) • Southern states vowed policy of Massive Resistance • Whites would refuse to allow decision to be enforced • Many places in south didn’t integrate until 1970s

  6. Rosa Parks • 1955 – Montgomery AL • Arrested for refusing to give up seat on bus to white passenger • Resulted in Montgomery Bus Boycott • Leader was Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

  7. Rosa Parks: 1913-2005

  8. School integration • 1957 – Central HS, Little Rock, AR • 9 Black students tried to integrate school • Gov ordered Natl Guard to stop them • Eisenhower called in the US Army to allow them to enter school

  9. Lunch Counter Sit-ins • 1960 – Greensboro, NC • Young Black men sat at segregated lunch counter in Woolworth’s store • Started a wave of sit-ins around south

  10. SCLC • After Montgomery Bus Boycott: • Martin Luther King, Jr. (and others) moved on to other civil rights issues • Formed Southern Christian Leadership Conference

  11. SCLC & SNCC • Focused on nonviolent protest • Allowed members of all races & religions • Student members (many were involved in sit ins) formed SNCC • Student Nonviolent Coordinating Comm

  12. Freedom Rides • 1961 – throughout south • Organized by CORE & SNCC • Group of whites & blacks rode buses through south • Stood up to segregation laws for buses • Got attacked in AL & MS

  13. Attack on bus in Anniston, AL

  14. Ole Miss • 1962 – James Meredith 1st Black man admitted to U of Mississippi • Was ushered in by US Marshals

  15. Ole Miss

  16. Letter from Birmingham Jail • 1963 – MLK held in jail for protests • Replied to local African American ministers calling for “patience” • Must fight segregation & discrimination now • “Justice delayed is justice denied”

  17. Letter from Birmingham Jail • 1963 – MLK held in jail for protests • Replied to local whites calling for “unity” (asking for protests to stop) • It’s OK to peacefully resist unjust laws • “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere”

  18. March on Washington • 1963 – Washington DC • Over 200,000 protesters • MLK gave speech at Lincoln Memorial “I have a dream”

  19. Civil Rights Act (1964) • Outlawed discrimination in places of “public accommodation” • Restaurants, hotels, stores, etc. • Feds can force states to follow law

  20. Voting Rights Act (1965) • Banned discriminations that kept Blacks from voting • Grandfather clause, literacy test, etc.

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