Addressing WiMAX System Design Challenges with FPGAs

1. Addressing WiMAX System Design Challenges with FPGAs ChinaRF & Broadband IC TechnologiesSummit, 2005

2. Outline • WiMAX Technology • Market, Standards Overview • WiMAX System Architecture • PHY/MAC Overview • Implementation Challenges • Altera WiMAX Solutions • Altera Introduction • 802.16e PHY Solution from Altera • 802.16d PHY & MAC Partner Solution • RF Module Partner Solution • Conclusions

3. Global Wireless Standards WAN IEEE 802.20 (Proposed) 3GPP, EDGE (GSM) MAN IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN ETSI HiperMAN & HIPERACCESS LAN IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN ETSI HiperLAN PAN IEEE 802.15 Bluetooth ETSI HiperPAN

4. Ecosystem/Applications Service Providers System Vendors Silicon/Component Suppliers WiMAX Has a Huge Following! 332 46 Spring 2004 Today Altera is a Member of the WiMAX Forum

5. IEEE 802.16 Standards

6. Developing Countries Hotspots Always Best Connected Backhaul WiMAX Target Markets Fractional T1 for Small Business T1+ Level Service Enterprise Residential & SoHo DSL Portable Internet Access

7. Outline • WiMAX Technology • Market, Standards Overview • WiMAX System Architecture • PHY/MAC Overview • Implementation Challenges • Altera WiMAX Solutions • Altera Introduction • 802.16e PHY Solution from Altera • 802.16d PHY & MAC Partner Solution • RF Module Partner Solution • Conclusions

8. Randomization FEC LNA LNA WiMAX PHY Layer- Complex Signal Processing @ 75 Mbps! Downlink MAC / PHY Interface Subchannelization, Pilot Insertion Cyclic Prefix PA IFFT Space time coding Beamforming MIMO coding CFR DPD DUC Interleaving, Symbol Mapping Subchannelization, Pilot Insertion Cyclic Prefix CFR DPD PA DUC IFFT Ranging De-randomization Channel estimation, equalization Remove Cyclic Prefix Timing & Frequency Correction Subchannel, Pilot Extraction FFT DDC Space time de-coding Beamforming MIMO decoding FEC decoding De-interleaving, Symbol Demapping Channel estimation, equalization Subchannel, Pilot Extraction Remove Cyclic Prefix Timing & Frequency Correction DDC FFT Uplink Ranging OFDMA Symbol Level Processing Bit Level Processing Digital IF Processing

9. WiMAX MAC Layer- Complex 3-Dimensional Scheduling Required! De-mapping PDU Decoding PDU Segmentation Classification & QoS Uplink → ARQ PHY Scheduling ←Downlink QoS PDU Encoding Framing PDU Assembly Classification & PHS Lower MAC Upper MAC MAC CPS (segmentation, scheduling, ARQ) MAC SSCS (classification, QoS & PHS) MAC Privacy (framing, encryption) SSCS: Service Specific Convergence Sub-Layer CPS: Common Part Sub-Layer

10. PHY/MAC Implementation Challenges • Processing Speed • Complex DSP Techniques @ 75Mbps • Turbo Decoding, MIMO, FFT/IFFT • Time to Market • IP, Reference Designs • Complete PHY & MAC Solutions • Development Tools • Flexibility • Evolving Standards • In-Field Programmability • Low Cost • Flexibility/Cost Tradeoff

11. Outline • WiMAX Technology • Market, Standards Overview • WiMAX System Architecture • PHY/MAC Overview • Implementation Challenges • Altera WiMAX Solutions • Altera Introduction • 802.16e PHY Solution from Altera • 802.16d PHY & MAC Partner Solution • RF Module Partner Solution • Conclusions

12. Altera - The Programmable Solutions Company Programmable Logic Devices Intellectual Property Development Software

13. StructuredASICs DSP Builder SOPC Builder Product Overview CPLDs Low CostFPGAs High Density FPGAs FPGAs withEmbeddedTransceivers

14. Shipping Now Shipping Now Shipping Now Shipping Now Our Newest Families

15. Wireless Segments Firewall Ethernet Internet MSC BSC BTS SOHO/Telecommuter Wireless LAN Mobile Infrastructure Medium-SizedBusiness • BTS • BSC • SGSN, GGSN, MGW • MSC • Access Point • Broadband Gateway • NIC Broadband WirelessAccess • WiMAX Base Stations & CPE • MMDS/LMDS Basestation • MMDS/LMDS Terminal • WLL

16. Understand WirelessMarket Dynamics Develop KeyTechnical Expertise& Solutions Nurture ExtensivePartner Ecosystem Altera’s Wireless Strategy

17. Altera’s WiMAX Solutions • Altera Accelerates Time-to-Market With a Comprehensive Portfolio of WiMAX Solutions • IP Cores • Reed Solomon, Viterbi • Turbo Product & Convolutional Codes • FFT/IFFT • Reference Designs • Scalable OFDMA Reference Design • Channel Estimation & Time/Freq Synchronization • CORDIC, Digital Predistortion • Complete 802.16e OFDMA PHY • Complete 802.16d OFDM PHY & MAC • Complete RF Module

18. Outline • WiMAX Technology • Market, Standards Overview • WiMAX System Architecture • PHY/MAC Overview • Implementation Challenges • Altera WiMAX Solutions • Altera Introduction • 802.16e PHY Solution from Altera • 802.16d PHY & MAC Partner Solution • RF Module Partner Solution • Conclusions

19. Randomization FEC Complete 802.16e OFDMA System Level PHY Reference Design from Altera Downlink MAC / PHY Interface Subchannelization, Pilot Insertion Cyclic Prefix PA IFFT CFR DPD DUC Interleaving Symbol Mapping Channel estimation, equalization Symbol DeMapping Subchannel, Pilot Extraction Remove Cyclic Prefix Timing & Frequency Correction DDC LNA FFT FEC decoding De-interleaving De-randomization Ranging Uplink OFDMA Symbol Level Processing Bit Level Processing Digital IF Processing

20. Scalable Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) Time Frequency Domain Domain m Channel Coding Inter-leaving Symbol Mapping Subchannel Allocation Policy Subchannels Add CP P/S IFFT 2 Channel Coding Inter-leaving Symbol Mapping 1 1 2 k OFDMA Symbols Symbol Rate Data Allocation OFDM Modulation

21. Scaleable OFDMA Engine • Subchannelization Module • Can Support: • 128, 512, 1K, 2K FFT Sizes & Variable Cyclic Prefix • Variable & Fixed Pilots • Segmentation • Up & Down Link • FUSC & PUSC • OFDM Kernel • FFT Altera MegaCore™ • Add/Remove Variable Cyclic Prefix Available Today Save Over $400,000 Worth of R&D Budget and Over 18 Months of Design Time by Using Altera’s Scalable OFDMA Engine!!

22. Outline • WiMAX Technology • Market, Standards Overview • WiMAX System Architecture • PHY/MAC Overview • Implementation Challenges • Altera WiMAX Solutions • Altera Introduction • 802.16e PHY Solution from Altera • 802.16d PHY & MAC Partner Solution • RF Module Partner Solution • Conclusions

23. 802.16d Partner Solution Complete 802.116d Integrated Solution Cyclone II FPGA PowerQuicc3 PHY & Lower MAC Upper MAC Partner Intellectual Property (IP)

24. PHY Specification Available Now!! • TDD & FDD support • Preamble & Midamble support • Tx / Rx Uplink Subchannelization • Tx / Rx Full & Subchannelized Ranging Algorithms • Tx / Rx Symbol Synchronization Algorithms • Channel Estimation Algorithms • Channel Equalization Algorithms • 256 Carriers • Integrated Digital FIR Filter • 2x Digital resampling, 46 Mbps • 10 bits receive resolution • 65 dBc dynamic range • +/- 8 ppm subcarrier spacing full or channelized • BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM • Adaptive modulation and channel coding • Reed-Solomon Coding (T=0,2,4,6,8) • Peak data rate (10 MHz BW=36.6 Mb/s, 20MHz BW=72.6 MHz BW) • Frame Duration 2.5ms – 20 ms • Guard Intervals of ¼, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 • Channel Bandwidths of 1.75MHz to 20 MHz

25. MAC Specification • Supports packet based network connection • Flexible packet classification at different layers • Layer 4 • UDP or TCP • Layer 3 • Source IP • Layer 2 • Ethernet Source Address • Efficient MAC SDUs fragmentation/packing • Supports TDD/FDD PHY • Full support of the four uplink scheduling mechanism in IEEE 802.16 standard • Easy portability to different RTOS • SS authentication and data encryption support with optional AES Available Now!!

26. Outline • WiMAX Technology • Market, Standards Overview • WiMAX System Architecture • PHY/MAC Overview • Implementation Challenges • Altera WiMAX Solutions • Altera Introduction • 802.16e PHY Solution from Altera • 802.16d PHY & MAC Partner Solution • RF Module Partner Solution • Conclusions

27. RF Module Partner Solution • Low-Cost HardCopy II Structured ASIC based WiMAX Radio Head Solution • Complete RF Solution Includes • Digital Upconverter • Digital Downconverter • Crest Factor Reduction • Digital Predistortion • OBSAI Controllers • CPRI Controllers • Multi Standard Support • WiMAX, HSDPA, Super 3G • PA Agnostic DPD Solution Available Now!!

28. Outline • WiMAX Technology • Market, Standards Overview • WiMAX System Architecture • PHY/MAC Overview • Implementation Challenges • Altera WiMAX Solutions • Altera Introduction • 802.16e PHY Solution from Altera • 802.16d PHY & MAC Partner Solution • RF Module Partner Solution • Conclusions

29. 802.16d: Lowest Cost Solution- IP from Partner LNA PA Fragmenting/De-fragmentation FEC Mapping/De-Mapping OFDM InterpolateDecimate Up/DownConverter Security Interleave/Deinterleave Parameter Est. Filtering DAC ADC Lower MAC 2C35 Bit Processing 2C35 Symbol Processing 2C35 PQIII Upper MAC Network I/F FPGA BOM* ~ $90 * Prices are for 100K+ units

30. Randomization FEC LNA LNA 802.16e: Scalable & Cost Effective Solution –Building Blocks & Complete PHY from Altera Downlink MAC / PHY Interface Subchannelization, Pilot Insertion Cyclic Prefix PA IFFT Space time coding Beamforming MIMO coding CFR DPD DUC Interleaving, Symbol Mapping Subchannelization, Pilot Insertion Cyclic Prefix CFR DPD PA DUC IFFT MIMO 2S60 Digital IF 2S60 Bit Level 2S60 Symbol Level 2S60 Channel estimation, equalization Ranging De-randomization Remove Cyclic Prefix Timing & Frequency Correction Subchannel, Pilot Extraction FFT DDC Space time de-coding Beamforming MIMO decoding FEC decoding De-interleaving, Symbol Demapping Subchannel, Pilot Extraction Remove Cyclic Prefix Timing & Frequency Correction DDC FFT Channel estimation, equalization Uplink Ranging OFDMA Symbol Level Processing Bit Level Processing Digital IF Processing

31. Altera WiMAX Solutions Summary- À La Carte 802.16d/e RF Module Partner 802.16d PHY, MAC, Board from Partner Low Cost, High Performance Devices 802.16e OFDMA Reference Design Wireless Expertise IntellectualProperty

32. Questions?