The Renaissance Jonathan Davies (Powerpoint will be on the website)

1. The RenaissanceJonathan Davies(Powerpoint will be on the website)

2. Questions • What was the Renaissance? • What was humanism? • How did the Renaissance develop and spread? • What were the legacies of the Renaissance?

3. Cicero

4. Petrarch

5. Cimabue, Madonna di S. Trinità Giotto, Madonna di Ognissanti

6. Once they have seen how art... had fallen into complete ruin from such a noble height ... they will now be able to recognise more easily the progress of art’s rebirth (rinascita) and the state of perfection to which it has again ascended in our own times... Giorgio Vasari, Preface, The Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors and Architects (1550)

7. ‘[The Renaissance is] the most intractable problem child of historiography.’ Wallace K. Ferguson, The Renaissance (New York, 1940), p. 2.

8. Jules Michelet Jacob Burckhardt

9. Ernst Gombrich Georg Hegel

10. …the Renaissance was not so much an “Age” as it was a movement. A “movement” is something that is proclaimed. It attracts fanatics, on the one hand, who can’t tolerate anything that doesn’t belong to it and hangers-on who come and go; there is a spectrum of intensity in any movement just as there are usually various factions or “wings.” There are also opponents and plenty of neutral outsiders who have other worries. I think we can most effortlessly describe the Renaissance as a movement of this kind. E. H. Gombrich, ‘The Renaissance - Period or Movement?’, in A.G. Dickens et al., Background to the English Renaissance. Introductory Lectures (London, 1974), pp.9-30

11. Rather than a period with definitive beginnings and endings and consistent content in between, the Renaissance can be (and occasionally has been) seen as a movement of practices and ideas to which specific groups and identifiable persons variously responded in different times and places. It would be in this sense a network of diverse, sometimes converging, sometimes conflicting cultures, not a single, time-bound culture. Randolph Starn, ‘Renaissance Redux’, The American Historical Review 103 (1998), 122-124

12. The studia humanitatis Grammar Rhetoric Poetry History Moral philosophy

13. Leonardo Bruni

14. Angelo Polizianoand Marsilio Ficino

15. Filippo Brunelleschi,The Dome of Florence Cathedral

16. Luciano LauranaThe Ideal City

17. Donatello David

18. Paolo UccelloThe Flood and Waters Subsiding

19. PinturicchioEnea Silvio Piccolomini and Emperor Frederick III

20. Matthias Corvinus

21. Rosso Fiorentino, Gallery of Francis I, Fontainebleau

22. Benvenuto Cellini, Nymph of Fontainebleau

23. Hans HolbeinErasmus

24. Albrecht DürerSelf-portrait

25. Antonello da MessinaCrucifixion

26. Hugo van der GoesPortinari Triptych

27. GiambolognaRape of the Sabines

28. ‘Of the many tributaries which contributed to the flow of the Reformation, by far the most important was Renaissance humanism.’ Alister E. McGrath, Reformation Thought: An Introduction, 2nd ed. (Oxford, 1993), p. 40

29. Sandro Botticelli, The Birth of Venus