1 / 32

History of Management Thought

History of Management Thought. Lecture #3. Schools of Management Thought. Schools of Management Thought. Classical School Behavioral School Management Science School. Classical School. “One best way to manage”

vivi
Télécharger la présentation

History of Management Thought

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. History of Management Thought Lecture #3

  2. Schools of Management Thought

  3. Schools of Management Thought • Classical School • Behavioral School • Management Science School

  4. Classical School • “One best way to manage” • It is management’s job to ascertain the best way to perform a job, then teach that method to workers. The same philosophy applies to running the organization (the manager’s job)

  5. Scientific Management • The Scientific Method applied to work

  6. Scientific Management • Observation • Measurement • Logic • Analysis

  7. Frederick Taylor • The “Father of Scientific Management”

  8. Taylor & Scientific Management • Experiment in Iron Foundry • Shoveling Coal

  9. Taylor & Shoveling Coal • Standard Operating Procedure: Hire the man with the shovel

  10. Taylor & Shoveling Coal • New Idea: Use standardized shovels!!!

  11. Taylor & Shoveling Coal • Optimal shovel size for the average worker: 21 ½ pounds

  12. Loading Pig Iron • Intermediate product in the processing of iron ore into steel

  13. Taylor & Loading Pig Iron • Before: Average load of 12 ½ tons per day • After: Average load of _____ tons per day • Wages increased ____%

  14. Taylor & Loading Pig Iron • Productivity gain for company • More money for worker • Worker was less fatigued at end of day

  15. Scientific Management • Frank & Lillian Gilbreth • Motion & Time Studies • Therbligs

  16. Gilbreths • Brick-laying

  17. Gilbreths • Cheaper By the Dozen • World War I telegram to President Wilson: Arriving Washington 7:03 pm. If you don’t know how to use me, I’ll tell you.

  18. Scientific Management • Application of the Scientific Method to work • Selection of the most capable workers • Provide resources to workers

  19. Scientific Management • Train the workers • Provide fair pay incentives to workers (share productivity gains)

  20. Scientific Management: Bastardized Version • Application of the Scientific Method to work • Selection of the most capable workers • Provide resources to workers • Train the workers

  21. Behavioral School • aka Human Relations School • Genesis was in an experiment in Scientific Management

  22. Behavioral School • Western Electric Hawthorne plant in Cicero, Illinois • Hawthorne Studies

  23. Hawthorne Studies • Experiment in lighting conditions • Experimental group • Control group

  24. Hawthorne Studies(storybook version) • Increased lighting associated with increased productivity!! • Decreased lighting associated with _________ productivity?? • Who ya’ gonna call?

  25. Hawthorne Studies • Elton Mayo • Researcher from Harvard • Workers were not reacting to the changes in lighting

  26. Hawthorne Studies • Workers were not reacting to the conditions of the experiment • Workers were reacting to being in an experiment • “Hawthorne Effect”

  27. Classical vs. Behavioral • Two diametrically opposed views • Which view do you hold?

  28. Management Science School • Management Science is NOT the same as Scientific Management • Originated in the Polaris missile project

  29. Management Science • A problem is defined, and a model of the situation is developed • The model simplifies reality or represents reality in an abstract manner

  30. Management Science • Step One: Develop a model of the problem or situation • Step Two: Quantify the variables

  31. Management Science • A politically incorrect example

  32. Management Science • No underage! • No drink and drive!

More Related