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Nervous System

Nervous System. Learning Target. I can describe the parts of the nervous system and explain how they work together. The Control Center. What do brushing your teeth, riding a bike, and solving a math problem all have in common? All result from instructions from your body’s control center.

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Nervous System

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  1. Nervous System

  2. Learning Target • I can describe the parts of the nervous system and explain how they work together.

  3. The Control Center • What do brushing your teeth, riding a bike, and solving a math problem all have in common? • All result from instructions from your body’s control center. • Neurons- Specialized cells that make up the nervous system • Unlike body cells they CANNOT repair or replace themselves if they are damaged • Neurons carry messages to and from different parts of the body • Reflex arc

  4. Neuron

  5. Parts of the Nervous System • Central Nervous System (CNS)- includes the brain and the spinal cord. • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)- includes the nerves that connect the CNS to all parts of the body. • It carries messages to and from the CNS

  6. Nervous System

  7. Central Nervous System • Brain- the mass of neurons that controls all actions, emotions, thoughts, and memory. • Weighs about 3 pounds • Blood vessels cover your brain and carry oxygen and food it needs to work • Well protected • Skull • Meninges- membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord • Spinal Cord- long bundle of neurons that extend almost the entire length of the body • Relays messages from all parts of the body to the brain and from the brain to muscles and glands • Diameter of your index finger, protected by backbone

  8. Central Nervous System

  9. 3 Parts of the Brain • Cerebrum- largest portion of the brain • controls senses, movement of muscles, thinking, and speech • Cerebellum- Sits at the back of the head under the cerebrum. • controls balance, posture, and coordination (fine motor movements) • Brain Stem- controls vital (important) body actions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion

  10. Cerebrum-controls senses, movement of muscles, thinking, and speech

  11. Cerebellum-controls balance, posture, and coordination (fine motor movements)

  12. Brain Stem- controls vital (important) body actions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion

  13. All 3 Parts

  14. Four Lobes of the Brain • FRONTAL LOBE • Located in front of the central sulcus (grooves). • Concerned with reasoning, planning, parts of speech and movement (motor cortex), emotions, and problem-solving. • PARIETAL LOBE • Located behind the central sulcus (grooves). • Concerned with perception of stimuli such as touch, pressure, temperature and pain. • TEMPORAL LOBE • Located below the lateral sulcus (grooves). • Concerned with perception and recognition of auditory stimuli (hearing) and memory (hippocampus). • OCCIPITAL LOBE • Located at the back of the brain, behind the parietal lobe and temporal lobe. • Concerned with many aspects of vision.

  15. Lobes of the Brain

  16. Approximately Locations: Lobes of the Brain

  17. Peripheral Nervous System • Made up of many nerves that connect the CNS to all parts of the body • Peripheral nerves carry messages to and from your muscles or organs • Two main parts of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) • Somatic system- deals with actions you control (voluntary) • Examples- stick your arm out or stick your tongue out • Autonomic System- deals with actions you do not usually control. (involuntary) • Examples- heartbeat, breathing, digestion

  18. Peripheral Nervous System

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