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Internet2 Engineering Challenges

This workshop focuses on the advanced services in networking such as multicast, IPv6, QoS, and end-to-end performance. It aims to address the challenges faced by universities and provide strategic networking solutions for research and education. The workshop also explores the role of security in superlative networking.

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Internet2 Engineering Challenges

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  1. Internet2 Engineering Challenges Campus Engineering Workshop, Houston Guy Almes <almes@internet2.edu> 10 April 2002

  2. Outline • Advanced Services • Multicast • IPv6 • QoS • End-to-End Performance • Security

  3. Internet2 Engineering Objectives • Provide our universities with superlative networking: • Performance • Functionality • Understanding • Make superlative networking strategic for university research and education

  4. Advanced Services • Multicast • IPv6 • Quality of Service (QoS)

  5. Multicast • By 1998, • Native IP multicast quite rare, but MBone no longer scalable • Considered key to new conferencing and streaming applications • Current native multicast support • PIM-Sparse, MBGP, and MSDP • Emphases on • Deployment and support for operations • Applications • Working to make it scalable • SSM

  6. Current Multicast Emphases • Pressing ahead on Deployment • What are the current inhibitors to progress? • Applications / Content • Make it useful for your campuses • Explore the role of multicast in the future Internet • Improve Scalability • Press deployment of SSM • Explore the role of SSM

  7. QoS • What if best-efforts networking will not meet the needs of advanced applications? • Stress of Interoperability • Stress of Application needs • Preserve core Internet values

  8. IPv6 • Clarify motivation for IPv6 • End-to-end transparency and global addressability • Supports application innovation, e.g., peer-to-peer • Support deployment and engineering expertise on networks, especially on campus • Anticipate need for first-class support • E.g., 10 Gb/s Abilene upgrade • E.g., Linux, Windows XP

  9. Current IPv6 Emphases • IPv6 Training Workshops • About 8-10 workshops this year • First: in Los Angeles, hosted by CENIC, in February • Get some IPv6 on each campus/gigaPoP • Prepare for native peering • Abilene to gigaPoP • gigaPoP to campus • continue within campuses to key departmental LANs • Explore applications, DNS, operational stability

  10. The Drive to Native IPv6 • Tunneling IPv6 over IPv4 is/was key to early deployment • It allows you to deploy anywhere, but with poor performance • And the backbone routers were IPv4-only • Set of four Cisco 7200s • Tunnel to each other • Tunnel to gigaPoPs and campuses

  11. The Drive to Native IPv6 • But, as mentioned, performance is poor • Cisco worked hard to support the DV video application, which requires about 32 Mb/s • The Abilene Upgrade will support: • 10 Gb/s interior circuits between pairs of Router Nodes • Dual IPv4-plus-IPv6 routers • Native IPv6 between pairs of Router Nodes • Native IPv6 only between Router Nodes and gigaPoPs or campuses • No support for tunnels to/from the Router Nodes

  12. Demands on GigaPoPs • Plan on native IPv6 peering to Abilene routers • Tunnels will only be supported to the old 7200s • Aim for excellent IPv6 performance and support for unicast and multicast • Plan on native IPv6 peering to your campuses

  13. Demands on Campuses • Plan on native IPv6 peering with your gigaPoP • Plan on IPv6 support for: • DNS • Network Management • Email, web servers, etc. • Support for early adopters

  14. End-to-End Performance

  15. The Current Situation • Our universities have access to an infrastructure of considerable capacity • examples of multi-hour 1.6 Gb/s flows with no loss and very little reordering • End-to-end performance varies widely • but 40 Mb/s flows not always predictable • users don't know what their expectations should be • A well-known mismatch

  16. What are our Aspirations? • Candidate Answer #1:Switched 100BaseT + Well-provisioned Internet2 networking at 80 Mb/s • But user expectations and experiences vary widely

  17. What are our Aspirations? • Candidate Answer #2:Lower user expectations and minimize complaining phone calls • There is a certain appeal I suppose...

  18. What are our Aspirations? • Candidate Answer #3:Raise expectations, encourage aggressive use, deliver on performance/functionality to key constituencies. • Not the easy way, but necessary for success

  19. Threats toEnd to End Performance • Fiber problems • dirty fiber • dim lighting • 'not quite right' connectors

  20. Threats toEnd to End Performance • Fiber problems • Switches • horsepower • full vs half-duplex • head-of-line blocking

  21. Threats toEnd to End Performance • Fiber problems • Switches • Inadvertently stingy provisioning • mostly communication • happens also in international settings

  22. Threats toEnd to End Performance • Fiber problems • Switches • Inadvertently stingy provisioning • Wrong Routing • asymmetric • best use of Internet2 • distance

  23. Threats toEnd to End Performance • Fiber problems • Switches • Inadvertently stingy provisioning • Wrong Routing • Host issues • NIC • OS / TCP stack • CPU

  24. Perverse Result • 'Users' think the network is congested or that the Internet2 infrastructure cannot help them • 'Planners' think the network is underutilized, no further investment needed, or that users don't need high performance networks

  25. Security

  26. Security: An unusual Internet2 Emphasis • Aspects of Security • Security of the infrastructure • Security of user host computers • Security of information and privacy • In the post-11-Sep environment • Society will be less tolerant of lax standards • Not a distinctly 'Internet2' concern • but one that all our universities share

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