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LIVE FEED

LIVE FEED. AKU3201 Principles of Aquaculture. Life cycle. Broodstock –> larvae -> fry -> fingerling -> juvenile. Larvae. Very small Extremely fragile Physiologically not fully developed Small mouth Still developing organ (i.e., eyes, chemoreceptors, digestive system).

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LIVE FEED

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  1. LIVE FEED AKU3201 Principles of Aquaculture

  2. Life cycle • Broodstock –> larvae -> fry -> fingerling -> juvenile

  3. Larvae • Very small • Extremely fragile • Physiologically not fully developed • Small mouth • Still developing organ (i.e., eyes, chemoreceptors, digestive system)

  4. Yolk sac for 3 weeks

  5. Yolk sac for 3 days

  6. Natural/Live food • Phytoplankton/ Microalgae • Zooplankton • Invertebrate • Nematode

  7. Live Food

  8. Phytoplankton • Microalgae • 2-20 mikrometer

  9. Skeletonema

  10. Pheaodactylum

  11. Chaetoceros calcitrans

  12. Chlorella

  13. Dunaliella tertiolecta

  14. Tetraselmis

  15. General features of micro algae used in aquaculture

  16. General features of micro algae used in aquaculture

  17. Nutritional value • High unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) • Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) • Arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:4n-6) • Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3)

  18. Microalgae Food for: • Bivalves • Penaeid shrimp • Fish • Rotifer, Artemia

  19. Problem: • Crash of algal culture Solution:

  20. Zooplankton • Rotifer • 50 – 200 mikrometer

  21. Rotifer • Brachionus plicatilis • Euryhaline: able to tolerate wide range of salinities • Suitable for crustaceans & fish

  22. L- type = 119-241 mikron S- type = 93 – 179 mikron SS- type = 90 – 159 mikron

  23. Advantages • Small size & slow swimming velocity • Suitable for fish that can’t ingest Artemia nauplii • Possible to rear at high density • Suitable for bioencapsulation/ enrichment

  24. Brine shrimp (Artemia) • 400m- 800 mikrometer

  25. NAUPLII ADULT

  26. Artemia • Nauplii of Artemia mostwidely used food item

  27. Able to tolerate > 70 ppt & up to 250 ppt. Why? • Able to produce dormant eggs (cyst) = Diapause

  28. Available in cysts • Advantages? • Place cyst in well-aerated seawater => hatch into nauplii after 24 hours • Nauplii positive phototaxis

  29. Artemia = filter feeder

  30. Problems with live food • Problems in obtaining steady supply of adequate quantities at appropriate times • Hard to ensure the quality & quantity of natural food • Nutritive value vary according to culture conditions • Contamination

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