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Parallel Ruby

Presented by pp11 group Mezhibovsky Ilya Yampolsky Michael Reznikov Genady. Parallel Ruby. Ruby. Ruby is a powerful and dynamic open source, object-oriented programming language. creator of Ruby. Yukihiro Matsumoto ("Matz"), the creator of Ruby, is a professional

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Parallel Ruby

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  1. Presented by pp11 group Mezhibovsky Ilya Yampolsky Michael Reznikov Genady Parallel Ruby Parallel Ruby - pp11

  2. Ruby Ruby is a powerful and dynamic open source, object-oriented programming language. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  3. creator of Ruby Yukihiro Matsumoto ("Matz"), the creator of Ruby, is a professional programmer who worked for the Japanese open source company, netlab.jp. Matz is also known as one of the open source evangelists in Japan. matz@netlab.jp Parallel Ruby - pp11

  4. perl ruby History birthday of ruby - 23 february 1993 Parallel Ruby - pp11

  5. History 1995 First release 1999 Overtakes Python in Japan 2000 • Comp.lang.ruby (newsgroup) • First English-language Ruby book • IBM, Inform IT,Brave GNU World ,Sun World Feature Ruby on web Parallel Ruby - pp11

  6. Perl Smalltalk Lisp Python CLU Sather Ada Eiffel Introducing Parallel Ruby - pp11

  7. Introducing Ruby is developed under Linux, and is written in fairly straightforward C. It runs under UNIX, DOS, Windows 95/98/NT/2000, Mac OS X, BeOS, Amiga, Acorn Risc OS, and OS/2. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  8. Introducing Ruby's primary focus is productivity of program development, and users will find that programming in Ruby is productive and even fun. Ruby is well suited for the problem domains such as these: Text processing— Ruby's File, String, and Regexp classes help you process text data quickly and cleanly. Network programming — Network programming can be fun with Ruby's well-designed socket classes. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  9. Introducing CGI programming— Ruby has everything you need to do CGI programming, including text-handling classes, a CGI library, database interface, and even eRuby (embedded Ruby) and mod_ruby for Apache. GUI programming— GUI tool kit interfaces such as Ruby/Tk and Ruby/Gtk are available Parallel Ruby - pp11

  10. Introducing XML programming— Text-handling features and the UTF-8-aware regular expression engine make XML programming handy in Ruby. The interface to the expat XML parser library is also available. Prototyping— With its high productivity, Ruby is often used to make prototypes. Prototypes sometimes become production systems by replacing the bottlenecks with C written extensions. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  11. Introducing - editors • emacs/xemacs • www.gnu.org/software/emacs/emacs.html or http://www.xemacs.org/name="XEmacs": ruby-mode.el is supplied in the Ruby distribution. With some versions of XEmacs, you may need to add (load "font-lock") to your .emacs file to allow ruby-mode.el to detect the syntax highlighting package you’re using. • Jedit • jedit.sourceforge.net :A portable editor written in Java, comes with support for Ruby. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  12. Introducing - editors • Vim • http://www.vim.org/ :Vim 5.7 and later have Ruby syntax files as standard in the runtime package. For prior versions, a syntax file for Ruby is available atwww.xs4all.nl/~hipster/lib/ruby/ruby.vim. • Jed • space.mit.edu/~davis/jed.html: An s-lang file supporting Ruby is available atwww.kondara.org/~g/slang/ruby.sl . Parallel Ruby - pp11

  13. Introducing - editors • Nedit • http://www.nedit.org : Eric Santonacci has written Ruby support for Nedit, available fromftp.talc.fr/pub/ruby/ruby.nedit-0.1.tar.gz • TextPad • Barry Shultz has written a Ruby definition file for TextPad, available at • www.textpad.com/add-ons/ntsyn.html Parallel Ruby - pp11

  14. For me, the purpose of life is, at least partly, to have joy. Programmers often feel joy when they can concentrate on the creative side of programming, so Ruby is designed to make programmers happy. I consider a programming language as a user interface, so it should follow the principles of user interface. Design Policy of Ruby by Matz Parallel Ruby - pp11

  15. Principle of Conciseness I want computers to be my servants, not my masters. Thus, I'd like to give them orders quickly. A good servant should do a lot of work with a short order. Design Policy of Ruby by Matz Parallel Ruby - pp11

  16. Principle of Consistency • As with uniform object treatment, as stated before, a small set of rules covers the whole Ruby language. Ruby is a relatively simple language, but it's not too simple. I've tried to follow the principle of "least surprise." Ruby is not too unique, so a programmer with basic knowledge of programming languages can learn it very quickly. Design Policy of Ruby by Matz Parallel Ruby - pp11

  17. Design Policy of Ruby by Matz Principle of Flexibility Because languages are meant to express thought, a language should not restrict human thought, but should help it. Ruby consists of an unchangeable small core (that is, syntax) and arbitrary extensible class libraries. Because most things are done in libraries, you can treat user-defined classes and objects just as you treat built-in ones. Programming is incredibly less stressful in Ruby because of these principles. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  18. Eiffel Return Example of ruby code def fact(n) if n == 0 1 else n * fact(n-1) end end Parallel Ruby - pp11

  19. Ruby features   • Ruby has simple syntax, partially inspired by Eiffel and Ada.  • Ruby has exception handling features, like Java or Python, to make it easy to handle errors.  • Ruby's operatorsare syntax sugar for the methods. You can redefine them easily. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  20. Ruby features   • Ruby is a complete, full, pure object oriented language: OOL. This means all data in Ruby is an object, not in the sense of Python or Perl, but in the sense of Smalltalk: no exceptions.   • Ruby features true closures. Not just unnamed function, but with present variable bindings. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  21. Ruby features   • Ruby's OOis carefully designed to be both complete and open for improvements. Example: Ruby has the ability to add methods to a class,or even to an instance during runtime. So, if needed, an instance of one class *can* behave differently from other instances of the same class Parallel Ruby - pp11

  22. Ruby features   • Ruby features a true mark-and-sweep garbage collector. It works with all Ruby objects. You don't have to care about maintaining reference counts in extension libraries   • Writing C extensions in Ruby is easier than in Perl or Python, due partly to the garbage collector, and partly to the fine extension API. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  23. Ruby features   • Ruby needs no variable declarations. It uses simple naming conventions to denote the scope of variables. Examples: simple 'var' = local variable, '@var' = instance variable, '$var' = global variable. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  24. Ruby features   • Ruby can load extension libraries dynamically if an OS allows.   • Ruby features OSindependent threading. Thus, for all platforms on which Ruby runs, you also have multithreading, regardless of if the OS supports it or not,even on MS-DOS! Parallel Ruby - pp11

  25. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  26. MPI Ruby is a Ruby binding of MPI. The primary goal in making this binding was to make the power of MPI available to Ruby users in a way that fits into the language's object oriented model. In order to do this, the buffer and datatype management necessary in the C, C++, and Fortran bindings have been removed. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  27.   What this means is that MPI Ruby allows you to treat objects as messages. MPI Ruby also aims to be a complete binding to MPI, in that it offers access to nearly all functionality of MPI Parallel Ruby - pp11

  28. .Output values are returned Ruby only has pass by value Multiple values passed back by arrays Errors are returned by exceptions User-defined operations specified by Proc Objects Blocks Methods Using MPI Ruby Parallel Ruby - pp11

  29. Using MPI Ruby • ·         All classes are contained in Module MPI • MPI::Comm • MPI::Group • MPI::Op • MPI::Keyval • MPI::Request • MPI::Status • MPI::Exception Parallel Ruby - pp11

  30. comm Methods - Constructors • MPI::Comm#dup() • Duplicates the communicator and returns a new communicator • C equivalent: MPI_Comm_dup() • MPI::Comm.create(grp) • Creates a new communicator from the grp (of type MPI::Group) • C equivalent: MPI_Comm_create() Parallel Ruby - pp11

  31. comm Methods - Topology Constructors • MPI::Comm#graph_create(index, edges, reorder) • Creates a new communicator to which graph topology information is attached. index is an array in which the i-th entry is the the total number of neighbors of the first i nodes. edges is a flattened array of the edge lists for nodes 0, 1, ...index.length reorder is a logical value indicating whether the processes may be reordered in the new topology • C equivalent: MPI_Graph_create() Parallel Ruby - pp11

  32. comm Methods • Attributes • Informational Methods • Topology Specific Information Methods • Point-to-Point Communications • Non-blocking Point-to-Point Communications • Persistent Communications • Buffering Methods • Collective Operations • Probing • Comparison • Abortive Methods • Constants Parallel Ruby - pp11

  33. Group Methods • Constructors • Informational Methods • MPI::Group#size() • Returns the size of the group • C equivalent: MPI_Group_size() • MPI::Group#|(grp) • Returns the union of the receiver group and grp. • C equivalent: MPI_Group_union() Parallel Ruby - pp11

  34. Op Methods • Constructors • MPI::Op.create(proc, commute) • Returns a new MPI::Op based on the Proc object proc. proc must accept two arguments. If commute is true, proc is considered to be commutative. • C equivalent: MPI_Op_create() Parallel Ruby - pp11

  35. Keyval Methods • Constructors • MPI::Keyval.create(uniq) • Returns a new MPI::Keyval. If uniq is true, then the attribute associated with a keyval will be deleted from the original communicator to which it was attached when that communicator is duplicated. If uniq is false, then the attribute will simply be copied to the new communicator. • C equivalent: MPI_Keyval_create() Parallel Ruby - pp11

  36. Request Methods • Informational Methods • MPI::Request#null?() • Returns true if the request is null. • C equivalent: request == MPI_REQUEST_NULL • Wait Methods • Test Methods • Initiation and Cancellation • Accessors Parallel Ruby - pp11

  37. Status Methods • Informational Methods • MPI::Status#source() • Returns the source of the message to which the status • object refers. • C equivalent: status.MPI_STATUS Parallel Ruby - pp11

  38. exception exception class • An exception class used for passing back MPI errors Parallel Ruby - pp11

  39. Project • Parallel computation (with MPI) of PI in two languages • 1. C. • 2. Ruby. • Comparison between two programs. Parallel Ruby - pp11

  40. Ruby Books Parallel Ruby - pp11

  41. Ruby on WEB Parallel Ruby - pp11

  42. Ruby on WEB • http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/ • http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/hotlinks.html • http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/mpi_ruby/ • http://www.ddj.com/articles/2002/0209/ • http://www.rubygarden.org/ruby • http://www.rubycentral.com/ • matz@netlab.jp-Matz • onge@mcs.anl.gov - Emil Ong Parallel Ruby - pp11

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