Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia

Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

TIME USE SURVEY data processing www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

Data processing • Data processing includes the following steps: • Coding • Capture • Editing • Imputation • Quality control • Producing results Figure 1. Data processing flowchart www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

The development of an efficient data processing system for a non standard survey such as Time use survey is a relatively complex task needing coordinated efforts of survey statisticians, users of data and information technology staff. www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

The inputs into the processing cycle are the survey forms- • -household and personal questionnaires and time-use diaries. • Thanks to adequate training courses, special processing issues associated with the use of time diaries are overcome successfully. • One of them is classifying reported activities according to activity classification codes, editing where necessary, recording activity and context variable codes on coding forms or in the diary, and preparing for data capture. www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

Coding of each particular activity from the diaries is a very important phase of work • Actually, the coding of activities is almost impossible without a broader insight of the educational and economic situation of an individual, position in the labor market, relations to the other family or household members or some common activities with others during those two selected days. • Data checking and data coding needed to be continuously supervised and approved by specially trained staff. www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

When all these phases of work was done successfully, all data were coded and checked, the database was ready for next step but one question come up: “What information we want and what information we can get from these data?” Mr Klas Rydenstam enlightened us! www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

Basic measures During 5 days training course Mr. Klas and his colleague helped us to produce three basic statistics: • Average time: All time – for all persons in the study - spent on the activity / the number of persons in the study • Proportion of ”doers”: The number persons that spent some time doing the activity / the number of persons (Participation rate) • Average time for ”doers”: All time – for all persons in the study - spent on the activity / the number of persons that spent some time doing the activity www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

First step was categorizing Time use activities into seven basic groups for the simplified classification: • Personal Care includes sleep during night or daytime, waiting for sleep, passive lying in bed because of sickness, as well as eating, drinking, washing, dressing and another or unspecified personal care. • Employment includes time spent on main and second job and related activities, breaks and travel during working hours, and on a job seeking. • Study includes time spent on a study at school or university and during a free time. • Household care includes housework, child and adult care, gardening and pet care, construction and repairs, shopping and services, and other household management. • Leisure includes all other kinds of activities, e.g. volunteer work and meetings, helping other households, socializing and entertainment, sports and outdoor activities, hobbies and games, reading, watching TV, resting or doing nothing. • Travel includes commuting and trips connected with all kinds of activities, except travel during working hours. • Unspecified activities includes all other kinds of activities like filling in the time use diary, unspecified leisure time and other unspecified time use www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

Average time spent on the activity (minutes) Table 1: Differences between men and women are considerable in case of paid and unpaid work. As men spend more time doing paid work, time they spend in household care is almost three times less comparing to women. www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

Average time for “doers” (minutes) Table 2: This table shows that there are significant differences in the use of time of female and male and their daily activities. Time spent on particular activity doesn’t vary just between men and women, but also between week days and weekend days. www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

Proportion of ”doers” (minutes) Table 3: www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

Differences between genders Differences between genders in spending time in paid and unpaid work are visible in the graph below, where the data are displayed regardless of whether it is a weekday or a weekend day. www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

How the use of virtual time in Serbia looks like according to the pilot survey 2009? Graphs 4 and 5 display the daily activities of women and men in Serbia. The shift in the main activities during the 24 hours was made every half-hour, i.e. every half-hour a cut was made in the filled activities for 2 filled days in the diary. The graph, therefore, represent the chronological sequence of episodes of different activities - daily rhythm. www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

A weekday in SwedenWomen and men 20-64 years, Monday to Thursday Women Men

A weekday in Spain Women and men 20-64 years, Monday to Thursday Women Men

A weekday in Slovenia Women and men 20-64 years, Monday to Thursday Women Men

Conclusion • The work undertaken by women consists of roughly same amount of paid and unpaid work, while that undertaken by men is strongly dominated by paid work. • At a very general level, distinguishing between work, personal care and free time: great differences between women and men. • Women’s total work exceeds men’s. www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

“How time flies!” Hopefully the answer on question where our time flies will be found in main Time use survey’s result, in 2011. www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

Thank you! Prepared by: Vesna Pantelic www.stat.gov.rs pub@stat.gov.rs

Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia