Sexually Transmitted Diseases

1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases

2. Having sex? you may experience Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) symptoms. • Symptoms may occur no matter what type of sex you have; vaginal, oral, anal, or using condoms. • Correctly using condoms reduce the transmission of STD’s. • 64-98% effective vs. STD’s • Only abstinence 100% effective. • STD symptoms can be subtle or obvious.

3. Think you have an STD? See a doctor!!!!!!! • Inform all partners if you are diagnosed so they can be evaluated or treated. • An untreated STD might trigger a response in the genital area which increases the chances of getting other STD’s. • * Bottom Line: sexually active? • you have increased your chances of contracting an STD.

4. Chlamydia: • A bacterial infection of the genital tract. • Difficult to detect • Early stage infections have no symptoms or symptoms are often mild and passing so easy to overlook • If they occur, usually 1 to 3 weeks after exposure.

5. Symptoms: • painful urination • lower abdominal pain • Vaginal or penis discharge • painful sexual intercourse in women • testicular pain

6. The most common STD • 3 million new cases occur in the U.S. annually • Treated with antibiotics • No sexual contact for 7 days after beginning treatment • Untreated: women may develop PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)- Scarring of the female internal organs which can lead to infertility: • males can get urethral infections and swollen/tender testicles

8. Gonorrhea (Clap, Drip) • A bacterial infection of the genital tract. • First symptoms usually occur within 2 to 10 days after exposure. • Symptoms include: • thick/cloudy/bloody discharge from the penis/vagina • pain/burning when urinating • frequent urination • pain during sexual intercourse • Treatment is with antibiotics • If left untreated: • females may suffer from PID • males may suffer from swelling of the testes/penis • both sexes may suffer from arthritis, skin problems

9. Genital Herpes • Highly contagious, caused by a virus called Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) • HSV enters your body through small breaks in your skin or mucus membranes • Most people with HSV never know they have it because they have no signs or symptoms • When symptoms become noticeable: the • 1st episode is the worst • some never experience a 2nd episode • others can experience reoccurrence over and over

10. Symptoms: • small red bumps, blisters or open sores (ulcers) in the genital/anal area • pain/Itching around your genital area/buttocks/inner thighs • The initial symptoms are usually pain/itching, beginning within a few weeks after exposure to an infected sexual partner. • After several days, small, red bumps may appear. Then they rupture, becoming ulcers that ooze or bleed. • Eventually scabs form and they heal. • In females, sores can erupt in the vaginal area, external genitals/buttocks/anus or cervix

11. In males, the sores can appear on the penis/scrotum/buttocks/anus/thighs or inside the urethra. • While the ulcers are present it will be painful to urinate. You will have pain/tenderness in the genital area. • During the initial episode, you may have flu-like symptoms. • In some cases, the infection can be active/contagious even when sores aren’t present. • Treatment: • No cure, but Acyclovir has been shown to reduce the pain and speed up the healing of the primary lesions.

12. Genital Herpes

13. Human Papillomavirus (HPV/Genital Warts/Venereal Warts) • Caused by the HP virus • one of the most common types of STD’s in females. • 72 strains of this virus • Symptoms: • small, flesh colored or gray swellings in your genital areas • take on a cauliflower shape • itching or discomfort in your genital area • bleeding with intercourse • Often no symptoms • sometimes a few appear • sometimes in clusters. • Females- warts may grow on the vulva/walls of the vagina/anus/cervix. • Men- may grow on the penis/scrotum/anus. • Can grow in the mouth or throat thru oral sex.

14. Treatment: • Surgical removal of warts/”frozen off”. Several sessions are needed. • Untreated: • warts will grow and spread, this increases the chances of cancer of the cervix/penis/anus. • Vaccination: • while it won’t completely prevent genital warts or cervical cancer, there is a vaccine that protects vs. 2 strains of HPV that cause 70% of the cases. • routine vaccination for females 11 and 12, and females 13 thru 26 who have not been vaccinated yet. • vaccine is most effective if given to girls before they become sexually active.

16. Syphilis • Caused by a bacteria • Affects your genitals/skin/mucus membranes/can affect brain/heart • 4 stages: • primary • secondary • latent • late

17. Primary: symptoms 10 days to 3 months after exposure • A small painless sore (chancre) on the part of the body where the infection was transmitted. • A single chancre is typical but there can be multiple sores. • Signs and symptoms usually disappear without treatment but the disease is still in your body and may reappear in the 2nd or 4th stage.

18. Secondary: symptoms appear 10 weeks after the chancre appears • Rash marked by red or reddish-brown, penny sized sores anywhere on the body, including your palms and soles of the feet. • Fever • Fatigue and a vague feeling of discomfort • Soreness and aching • Symptoms may disappear or repeatedly come and go for as long as a year.

19. Latent: • Period in which no symptoms are present but plenty of internal organ damage. • Symptoms may never return as the disease progresses to the Late Stage.

20. Late: Serious internal organ damage and death • Neurological Problems: • Stroke/infection and inflammation of the membrane and fluids surrounding the brain/spinal cord. • Loss of muscle coordination/numbness/paralysis/deaf/vision problems/personality changes/dementia • Cardiovascular Problems: • Aneurysms/heart disease • Treatment: • Penicillin- amount depends on stage

22. Trichomoniasis (“Trich”): • Caused by a parasite • A parasite is a cell which lives on a healthy cell and destroys it • Urethra/Vagina in females • Tip of penis in males • Typically only females experience symptoms (male are carriers).

23. Symptoms: • Inflamed vagina • Itching and burning • Inflamed cervix • Inflamed urethra • Green/yellow vaginal discharge • Most men have no symptoms, but if they do: • Penis irritation/burning • mild discharge • Treatment is a 1 time heavy dose of antibiotic called “Flagyl”.

24. Hepatitis A/B/C; HAV/HBV/HCV: • Viral infections- affects your liver which filters your blood • Symptoms: • Fatigue • nausea and vomiting • abdominal pain • loss of appetite • fever • dark urine • muscle/joint pain • itching • yellowing of skin/whites of your eyes (Jaundice) • Long term protection HAV vaccine • HAV Vaccine for all children ages 12-23 months • HBV vaccine child immunized at birth • HCV has drug treatment available.

25. Pubic Lice • Also known as “Crabs” • Strand of lice found in pubic hair • Symptoms – intense itching in the pubic area, appearance of rust color dots in the skin • Treatment – medication to kill lice. Infected individuals must wash clothes and linens in hot water to kill eggs • If Untreated – skin damage and blue spotting by the hair follicle from bites

26. Pubic Lice