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Introduction to Maternal And child health nursing

Introduction to Maternal And child health nursing. Anuradha Perera ( B.Sc.N )special University of Sri Jayewardebnepura. Objectives. The Evolution of the Maternal and New Born nursing. Up to 1900s – Pregnant women received no prenatal care

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Introduction to Maternal And child health nursing

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  1. Introduction to Maternal And child health nursing Anuradha Perera (B.Sc.N)special University of Sri Jayewardebnepura

  2. Objectives

  3. The Evolution of the Maternal and New Born nursing • Up to 1900s – Pregnant women received no prenatal care • Birth occurred – Birth occurred at home usually attended by a midwife • These Midwives are not formally trained • Physicians were attended only in complicated situations

  4. Family approach to the health Care • Family – Two or more people living in the same household, Sharing the common emotional bonds, and providing for the basic needs of life. • Parent – Person establishing a parent-child relationship by caring the child by providing the physical, Social and emotional requirements necessary for normal growth and development.

  5. Common obstetric terminology • Antepartum • EDD- • Gestation • Gravida • Multigravida • Multipara • Nuligravida • Nagele’s rule

  6. Common obstetric terminology contd… • Para- • Primigravida- • Pimipara- • LRMP

  7. Pregnancy • The average length of pregnancy is 280 days or 40 weeks. Pregnancy is considered as 3 trimesters of 03 calendar months each. • If the fetus is born after 20 weeks but prior completion of the 37th week ,the fetus is called a premature infant. • One born after 42 weeks of gestation is called post mature infant.

  8. Signs of pregnancy • The sighs of pregnancy are a group of symptoms and observations that leads to the positive diagnosis of pregnancy. • Presumptive signs (Early but unreliable, generaly subjective) • Probable signs( Stronger but still not reliable, generally objective) • Positive signs (definitive)

  9. 01 Presumptive signs • Ammenorrhea • Nausea & Vomiting (morning sickness) • Urinary frequency (1&3) • Breast changes • Enlarged • Tender • Tingling sensation • Areola widening • Veins beneath becomes more visible

  10. 01 Presumptive signs contd • Fatigue • Quickening (16th to 20th week)

  11. 2 Probable sings • Heagar’s sign – Softening of the lower uterine segment that can be felt in during Vaginal examination • Goodell’s sign – Softening of the cervix • Chadwick’s sign – The mucous membranes of the cervix, vagina and vulva become bluish • Abdominal enlargement • Braxton hicks contractions –irregular, painless contractions of the uterus

  12. 2 Probable sings contd…. • Ballottement- during 4th-5th month, a gentle push or tap of the uterus will cause the fetus to float away and then rebound, touching the clinician’s hand • Palpable fetal outline • Skin pigmentation changes • Linea Niagra • Cholasma • Striaegravidarum

  13. Positive pregnancy tests • HCG • Urine • Blood

  14. 3 positive sings • FHS • Fetal movements felt by examiner • Ultrsound

  15. Physiological changes during pregnancy • Reproductive system • Uterus • Vagina • Breasts • Respiratory system • Cardiovascular system • GIT • Urinary system

  16. Physiological changes during pregnancy • Integumentary system • vascular markings • Pigmentation changes • Stiaegravidrum • Acene • Hair growth • Muscular skeletal system

  17. Physiological changes during pregnancy contd.. • Metabolic changes • Endocrine system

  18. What are the psychological changes during pregnancy?

  19. THANK YOU

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