Trade between and among the classical civilizations

1. Trade between and among the classical civilizations

2. About Silk Roads -A network of roads, generally going East and West -Ancient Trade routes across Asia -Link China w/ the west When What -Great trade routes -Introduce plants -Arts and Music -Religions -200BCE to 400CE -The beginning of cross-culture -Han & Rome Silk Road -Originated at Sian, China -Land Lanes and Sea Lanes linked Asia and Europe Where Significance

3. Traded with countries regions and countries such as Asia, Persia, Roman Empire and etc. Traded using both the land routes and sea routes Trade done by merchants, Malay, and Indian mariners • Exports-Spices, cotton textiles, ivory, corals, jewels, etc. • Imports-Works of art, wood and linen textiles • Buddhism also spread from India to other regions on the Silk Road

4. Wine, olive oil, jewelry, works of art, iron tools, bronze goods, wool Spices, pepper, cosmetics, pearls, gems, slaves Horses, jade, silk Who?Traders of various Asian nationalities & merchants+travelers -The Roman emperors, wealthy citizens:  Wants?Newest, luxurious textile(spices, perfumes, silk) -b/c big expansion-> bigger demand for new goods How?traveled the silk routes to caravan cities near the Mediterranean(link the ends of the Eurasian landmass)

5. Q2. Who did they trade with? China traded with Roman empire, central Asia, Iran, Arabia, Egypt, North Africa through the silk routes. Q3. What did they want from other places? China wanted large, strong horses, plants, grapes, pomegranates, walnuts, cucumbers, sesame, alfafa Q4. Who did the trading? Individual traders such as merchants and Zhang Qian and embassador named Gang Ying traded with Q5. How was trade conducted? China traded through the Silk Road and by Indian Sea. Thank You for Watching my presentation Q1. What did the people in China trade along the Silk Routes? They traded High quality silk, ginger, cinnamon, spices, Ivory, Precious stones, Ceramics, Incense, Paper, Spices, Horses and other animals, Hides, Furs, Tapestries and rugs • Tae Ho Ryu’s Presentation on Silk Road China Trades on Silk Road taehoryu

6. What s a “nomad”? Roles of Nomads NOMADS LINKS OF SILK ROAD TRADE SETTLERS -Group of people who move back and forth between the same forest and grazing areas -Low human population density -Economic specialization: hunters-and-gatherers , pastoral nomads and peripatetic nomads -Political feature: loose governmental structure; tribal life -People who reside in one place permanently -Comparatively high human population density -Economic specialization: agriculture -Political feature: existence of more official and formal institution Facilitated commercial trade Medium of transferring ideas Technological exchange NOMADS

7. Religions along the Silk Road WHAP - Kim Suyoung • Buddhism • : spread through the Silk Road during the trade • : Buddhist traders: close with other countries-effective trading and religious exchange↑ • Islam • :Trading via Silk Road ↑ inIslam Countries • b/c they have tent cultures • ex) carpets, rugs, tapestries ↑ • Hinduism • : developed as the Kush Empire developed – dominating the Silk Road • : Kush Empire adapted Bacteria’s culture to settle down safely. • ex) caste hierarchy, religious organizations, many other Indian beliefs • : many Indian people migrated to the Kush Empire when it developed

8. Manichaeism (explanation) • : Songdiana(Manichaeism) predominated the Silk Road & • Manichaeism spread via the silk Road • : Religious exchange through the Silk Road formed • Manichaeism through the process of Syncretism • Confucianism • : had negative effect, losing family ties ↑, hard to maintain doctrines of Confucianism • Zoroastrianism • : Persia: silk textile technology ↑,trading ↑, Zoroastrianism spread through the Silk Road • : location of the country – the middle of Asia and Europe • : Songdiana: when its power increases, spread to many other countries

9. Dunang

10. Digging technology and ability to transfer water through canals enlarge areas suitable for cultivation • Establishment of other religions in China, especially Buddhism from India (most successful) • “Syncretism of religions rather than a pure conversion” • Buddhist cave temples in Dunang, depicting events in the lives of the Buddha • (ex) Mogao Grottoes Significance of Dunang for Religion

11. the major maritime trade routes • India to Persia, Middle east and North Africa • In Arabian and Red sea • Major cities • Calicut, Hormuz, Basra, Suez and Aden Major cities/ ports before 1000 C.E. - Cantan, Tamralipura, quilon, Calicut, Cambay. After 1000 C.E -Gwuang Zhou and Hang Zhou replaced.

12. What was traded along these routes?