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Кафедра гистологии Карагандинского государственного медицинского университета

Theme of lecture :. Morphology of intestine ( integr .). Morphofunctional characteristic of small and large intestine. Кафедра гистологии Карагандинского государственного медицинского университета. Functions of intestine

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Кафедра гистологии Карагандинского государственного медицинского университета

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  1. Theme of lecture: Morphology of intestine (integr.). Morphofunctional characteristic of small and large intestine Кафедра гистологии Карагандинского государственного медицинского университета

  2. Functions of intestine 1.Digestive2.Suction3.Motor-evacuatory4. The secretory5.Excretory6.Endocrine7.Barrier-protective

  3. The structure of the small intestineof 3 divisions: duodenum, jejunum and ileum. This type of layered bodies and consist of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscular and serous.These three divisions are the differences:a) in the height of the villi

  4. b) Presence of duodenal glands

  5. c) the presence of group of lymphoid follicles (Peyer's patches), which are mainly located in the ileum.

  6. Mucous forms a relief: the villi, crypts and circular folds. Villi contain blood and lymphatic capillaries. Villi are reduced due to the muscle plate, which contributes to the absorption of the chyme.

  7. Mucus consists of three layers: epithelial, muscle, and proprial glands.Epithelium - a single-layer of cylindrical limbic. In the villi and crypts it is represented by different types of cells.The epithelium of the villi contains three types of cells: the limbic, goblet and endocrine cells.

  8. Crypts (glands of Liberkhun) - deepening of the epithelium in the lamina propria. In the epithelium of the crypts there are two kinds of cells: enterocytes non- bordered (cambial, at the bottom of the crypts) and Paneth cells apical granular with acidophilic granules (bottom of the crypts). Paneth cell secretory granules contain a protein-polysaccharide complex, lysozyme, and zinc. Their functions are: synthesis and secretion dipeptidaz neutralizing the hydrochloric acid.

  9. Muscular layer - from 2 layers smooth muscle: inner circular and outer longitudinal. From the circular layer are clusters of cells in the villi and submucosa.Submucosa (LFCT) contains lobules of adipose tissue, vascular and nerve plexus.The muscular layer – 2 layers of smooth muscular tissue. The direction of the beams in the layers are not strictly longitudinal and circular, and spiral. Between the layers - LFCT with vascular and nerve plexus. The function - motility and movement of chyme.Serosa - LFCT and a layer of mesothelium.

  10. Functions of large inteStine • Secretory -development of intestinal juice absorptive.   Excretory (separation of heavy metal salts)  The development of vitamin K and group B  endocrine.   Barrier-protective.

  11. The body of a layered-type consists of mucosa, submucosa, muscular and serous layers. Mucous forms a relief: folds and crypts. Epithelium is a single-layer cylindrical limbic, contains the same cells as in the small intestine, but is dominated by goblet cells to produce large amounts of mucous.

  12. Muscular record - from the inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of smooth muscle cells.Submucosa (LFCT).The muscular layer has two layers: an inner circular and outer longitudinal, which is not continuous - form three ribbons. They are shorter than the gut, because it is collected in a "harmonica" (haustrae). Serosa of mesothelium LFCT and has protrusions (pendant) containing adipose tissue.

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