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Types of Cells and Organization in Living Things

This lesson aims to identify and describe the two types of cells and how living things are organized. Students will learn about membrane-bound organelles, nucleus, and the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The lesson also covers levels of organization and the different components that make up a multicellular organism.

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Types of Cells and Organization in Living Things

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  1. Topic: Cells Aim: Identify the 2 types of cells. Describe how living things are organized. Do Now: Take out Two types of Cells ISA for me to check. HW: Respiration Reading Notes due Monday! Atoms project due Monday!

  2. nucleus endoplasmic reticulum Explain the meaning of the term membrane-bound organelle? Enclosed by a membrane vacuole ribosome mitochondria

  3. Identify the two types of cells you read about in your ISA. Prokaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells

  4. Greek meaning of Pro- before Prognosis: prediction about how something will develop

  5. Greek meaning of Eu- well or good Eulogy: Words of praise for the deceased

  6. Greek meaning of -karyo nut or kernel In biological terms: nucleus Prokaryote  Eukaryote  “before nucleus” “good nucleus”

  7. Does a prokaryotic cell have a nucleus? • Does it have membrane-bound organelles? • Does it have ribosomes? 2 types of cells 1.PROKARYOTIC CELL:

  8. NO NUCLEUS • DNA in cytoplasm • No membrane-bound organelles • Ex: bacteria

  9. Anthrax Strep Cholera

  10. Did you know… • Bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics. Strep E. coli

  11. 2.EUKARYOTIC CELLS: • Does a eukaryotic cell have a nucleus? • Does it have membrane-bound organelles? • Does it have ribosomes?

  12. HAVE A NUCLEUS • Larger • Contain membrane-bound organelles

  13. Unicellular organisms Multicellular organisms

  14. What kind of cells make up a multicellular organism? • SPECIALIZED cells (have specific jobs)

  15. Levels of Organization

  16. Can you place these terms in the proper sequence from LEAST COMPLEX to MOST COMPLEX? Tissues Organ systems Cells Organism Organs

  17. Levels of organization Muscle cell Smooth muscle tissue Stomach Digestive system Cells Tissues Organs System Organism

  18. 1. Cells: specialized • Examples:

  19. Red blood cells carry oxygen.

  20. Muscle cells help you move.

  21. Did you know… • The longest living cells in the body are brain cells which can live an entire lifetime.

  22. 2. Tissue: group of similar cells that perform a specific function

  23. Blood cells  blood tissue

  24. Muscle cells  muscle tissue  movement

  25. 3. Organ: many tissues working together

  26. Heart =organ made of muscle, nerve & blood tissue

  27. 4. Organ system: group of organs working together to perform a specific function

  28. Skeletal & Muscular Systems

  29. Circulatory System

  30. 5. Organism: a combination of organ systems that work together

  31. Let’s summarize… • Describe the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. • Describe the difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms. • Identify the type of cells that make up a multicellular organism. • Explain the organization of an organism.

  32. Which of the following is a primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? (1) Prokaryotic contain a membrane-bound nucleus. (2) Prokaryotic contain DNA. (3) Eukaryotic cells contain a membrane bound nucleus. (4) Eukaryotic contain DNA.

  33. Which sequence represents the correct order of levels of organization found in a complex organism? • Cells  organelles  organs  organ systems  tissues • Tissues  organs  organ systems  organelles  cells • organelles  cells  tissues  organs  organ systems • organs  organ systems  cells  tissues  organelles

  34. These groups of cells represent different (1) tissues in which similar cells function together (2) organs that help to carry out a specific life activity (3) systems that are responsible for a specific life activity (4) organelles that carry out different functions.

  35. Which statement best compares a multicellular organism to a unicellular organism? • A multicellular organism has organ systems that interact to carry out life functions, while a single-celled organism carries out life functions without using organ systems. • A single-celled organism carries out fewer life functions than each cell of a multicellular organism. • A multicellular organism always obtains energy through a process that is different from that used by a single-celled organism. • The cell of a single-celled organism is always much larger than an individual cell of a multicellular organism.

  36. Review: Put the following terms in order from least complex to most complex: Tissue Organism Cell System Organ Organelle

  37. 3 4 7 8 2 5 6 1 7 8

  38. E

  39. 1.PROKARYOTIC CELL: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IYe5tHaEXRE

  40. Review: 1. Which statement describing the cells in a body system is correct? • Each cell in the system is identical to the other cells in the system, and each cell works independently of the other cells. • Some cells in the system may be different from the other cells in the system, but all cells are coordinated and work together. • Each cell in the system is different from the other cells in the system, and each cell works independently of the other cells. • All cells in the system are identical to each other and work together.

  41. 2. Which of the following is a primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? (1) Prokaryotic contain a membrane-bound nucleus. (2) Prokaryotic contain DNA. (3) Eukaryotic cells contain a membrane bound nucleus. (4) Eukaryotic contain DNA.

  42. 3. Which sequence represents the correct order of levels of organization found in a complex organism? • Cells  organelles  organs  organ systems  tissues • Tissues  organs  organ systems  organelles  cells • organelles  cells  tissues  organs  organ systems • organs  organ systems  cells  tissues  organelles

  43. 4. These groups of cells represent different (1) tissues in which similar cells function together (2) organs that help to carry out a specific life activity (3) systems that are responsible for a specific life activity (4) organelles that carry out different functions.

  44. 6. Which statement best compares a multicellular organism to a unicellular organism? • A multicellular organism has organ systems that interact to carry out life functions, while a single-celled organism carries out life functions without using organ systems. • A single-celled organism carries out fewer life functions than each cell of a multicellular organism. • A multicellular organism always obtains energy through a process that is different from that used by a single-celled organism. • The cell of a single-celled organism is always much larger than an individual cell of a multicellular organism.

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