U.S. Public Health Service: It’s a Career and an Adventure!!!

1. U.S. Public Health Service: It’s a Career and an Adventure!!!

2. RADM Timothy L. Ricks, DMD, MPHChief Professional Officer, USPHS • Assistant Surgeon General of U.S. • DMD from University of Mississippi, MPH from University of Nevada-Reno, DPH residency from the Indian Health Service • Board-certified Diplomate of the American Board of Dental Public Health • Deputy Director of IHS Division of Oral Health and Continuing Dental Education Coordinator • Over 60 awards, including 4-time national clinical dentist of the year in the Indian Health Service • As Chief Dental Officer, helps provide guidance and oversight to over 1,000 dentists in 6 agencies in over 600 dental facilities

3. Mission and Core Values • Protect, promote, and advance the health and safety of our Nation • Rapid and effective response to public health needs • Leadership and excellence in public health practices • Advancement of public health science • Core values: leadership, service, integrity, excellence

4. Where Dentists Work

5. Indian Health Service • Population • 2.3 million American Indians and Alaska Natives • Children, adolescents, and adults in 573 recognized Tribes • Types of facilities • 404 dental programs located in 35 states • Most dental programs are co-located with medical programs • Types of dental procedures • Operative, endodontics, periodontics, exodontia, prosthodontics • Levels of services are dependent on location • Emphasis is on providing basic dental care to a vastly underserved population

6. Health Resources and ServicesAdministration • Oral Health Program Funding and Management • Ryan White HIV/AIDS program for education and reimbursement ($11.8 million) • Maternal and Child Health Services block grants to state programs ($667 million) • National Health Service Corps loan/scholarship program ($310 million; includes 1,300 dentists/hygienists and 120 dental students) • Health Center Program • Treat rural and underserved populations (1 in 13 people in U.S.) • 43% increase in dental visits to health centers in 2015 • Nearly 1,400 health centers, 91% providing dental services

7. Centers of Disease Control andPrevention • National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion • Help people and communities prevent chronic diseases and promote health and wellness for all • Count people with chronic disease, study ways to prevent and control disease, fund interventions, share information • Division of Oral Health • Monitor and study oral health, diseases, and cancer • Extend proven prevention strategies • Guide infection control in dentistry • Increase state oral health program capacity and effectiveness • Dental Public Health Residency

8. National Institute of Dental andCraniofacial Research • Part of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, MD • Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research • Conduct and fund research training and career development programs • Coordinate and assist research activities among community • Timely transfer of knowledge gained and implications for health to the public, health professionals, and policy-makers • Multiple Post-doctorate Fellowships • Most eligible for living stipend and loan repayment • https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/careers-training/dentists-physicians

9. U.S. Food and Drug Administration • Medical and Dental Devices • Ensure safety, efficacy, and security of dental products and devices • Advance public health by helping to speed innovations that make products more effective, safer, and more affordable • Help public get accurate, science-based information needed to use products • Receive reports of adverse events, initiate recalls as needed • Office of Medical Products and Tobacco • Center for Devices and Radiological Health • Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research • Center for Drug Evaluation and Research • Center for Tobacco Products

10. Federal Bureau of Prisons • Population • More than 100 institutions across the U.S. • 170,000 male and female inmates, variety of offenses • Types of facilities • Stand-alone location to multi-institution Complexes • High security Penitentiary to minimum security Prison Camp • Medical Centers for medically complex • Types of dental procedures • Operative, endodontics, periodontics, exodontia, removable prosthodontics • No Fixed Dental Prostheses (FDPs)

11. U.S. Immigration and Customs EnforcementHealth Service Corps • Population • Direct care for 13,500 detainees at 21 facilities across U.S. • Case management for 15,000 detainees at 119 contract facilities • Children, adolescents, and adult detainees • Types of facilities • Stand-alone facilities in urban and rural locations • Most locations on Southern border, also Northeast and WA • Types of dental procedures • Operative, exodontia, limited endodontics • No FDPs or prosthodontics

12. U.S. Coast Guard • Population • 41,000 Active Duty male and female Coast Guardsmen • Members of Department of Defense assigned to USCG stations • Types of facilities • 26 clinics at USCG stations across the contiguous U.S. and Alaska • Commissioned Corps dental officers, contract dentists at some locations • Types of dental procedures • Operative, endodontics, periodontics, exodontia, prosthodontics, implants

13. USPHS Dentist Roles • Clinical • Clinic Staff Dentist or Specialist • Administrative • Chief Dental Officer • Regional Consultant • Program Management • Public Health • Population-based interventions • Natural disaster response • Research • Policy/guidelines

14. Personnel Systems • Civil Service • Commissioned Corps • Direct Tribal Hire • Contract Dentist • Student Externships

15. Civil Service Dentists • Federal government employee of agency • Salary and benefits paid by U.S. government (set by Congress) • Paid vacation and sick leave, 10 annual federal holidays • 40-hour work week with overtime (unless receiving market pay) • For dentists, Title 38 market pay is now available in the IHS • Career advancement and relocation expenses • Work in all agencies except USCG • Find open positions on usajobs.gov • Filter for agency or location

16. Civil Service Pay and Benefits Annual Base Pay from chart above, increases as approved by Congress AND Locality pay based on location (e.g. Denver adds 25.47%) AND Additional Title 38 Market Pay to more closely match median dentist salaries (e.g. total pay may be approximately $120K) Matching 401K (TSP) contributions up to 5% of base pay Retirement plan (percentage of highest 3 years)

17. Commissioned Corps Dentists • Commissioned on Active Duty in USPHS • Same basic pay and benefits as Active Duty military • 30 days paid vacation, 10 annual federal holidays • 40-hour work week without overtime • Natural disaster and significant event deployments • Career advancement and relocation expenses • Work in all agencies • Application Process • Hired by an agency, then commissioned as an officer • Lengthy medical, financial, and FBI clearance screening process

18. Commissioned Corps Pay and Benefits Monthly Base Pay from chart above, Congress approves change Tax-free locality pay based on location/rank (e.g. $2,500 per month in Denver) Annual Specialty Pay ($20,000 up to $125,000) with commitment Signing Bonus ($150,000 to $300,000) with 4-year commitment Matching 401K (TSP) contributions up to 5% of base pay Retirement plan (percentage of highest 3 years) Post-9/11 GI Bill benefits (transferrable to spouse/child with commitment)

19. Other Personnel Systems • Direct Tribal Hire • Employee of specific tribe • Negotiated salary, benefits, and work week comparable to civil service • IHS loan repayment eligible • Dental procedures and hours approved by tribe • Openings found at https://www.ihs.gov/dentistry/currentopenings/ • Contractors • Hired directly by agency or tribe • Employment salary and work period established by contract • Responsible for paying income tax and FICA quarterly • No workplace retirement benefits • Work in BOP, IHS, IHSC, USCG

20. Student Externships • IHS Externship Program • Third-year dental students • Various locations in Alaska and around U.S. • Apply in January and complete externship that Summer (https://www.ihs.gov/dentistry/dentalexternships/) • Senior Commissioned Officer Student Training and Extern Program (SRCOSTEP) • Full O-1 pay and benefits for fourth year of dental school • Job placement with sponsoring agency and relocation expenses after graduation • Active Duty commitment for twice the time sponsored • Apply in Sept – Oct of third year (https://www.usphs.gov/student/srcostep.aspx)

21. Special Benefits • National Health Service Corps Loan Repayment Program • Up to $60,000 toward eligible loans for 2-year commitment • Must serve in community-based site in Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA) • Civil Serviceand Commissioned Corps eligible (https://nhsc.hrsa.gov/loan-repayment/how-to-apply) • Loan Repayment (IHS) • Up to $40,000 toward eligible loans for 2-year commitment • Civil Service, Commissioned Corps, and Direct Tribal Hire eligible (https://www.ihs.gov/loanrepayment/)

22. Special Benefits • Long-term Training opportunities • Assigned to a role not previously mentioned (e.g. CDC Global Health Program or Epidemic Intelligence Service) for specified period • Attend advanced education opportunity or residency program

23. Agency Contact Information BOP: BOP-HSD/Recruitment@bop.gov CDC: Mr. Casey Hannan, clh8@cdc.gov FDA: CAPT Gail Cherry-Peppers, gail.cherry-peppers@fda.hhs.gov HRSA: CAPT Renée Joskow, rjoskow@hrsa.gov IHS:DentalJobs@ihs.gov IHSC: CAPT Todd Tovarek, todd.m.Tovarek@ice.dhs.gov NIDCR: Dr. Martha Somerman, Martha.Somerman@nih.gov USCG: CAPT Scott Brown, scott.w.brown@uscg.mil

24. Current Openings BOP: https://www.bop.gov/jobs/positions/index.jsp?p=Dentist CDC: https://www.usajobs.gov/ FDA: https://www.usajobs.gov/ HRSA: https://www.usajobs.gov/ IHS: https://www.ihs.gov/dentistry/index.cfm/currentopenings/search/ IHSC: https://www.usajobs.gov/ NIH: https://www.usajobs.gov/ USCG: https://www.gocoastguard.com/active-duty-careers/officer-opportunities/programs/dental-officer