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Washington takes office

http://youtu.be/uZfRaWAtBVg. Washington takes office. Section 1 Chapter 9: Launching the New Government. . Setting the Scene. 1789 The New Congress meets for the 1st Time. How should people address George Washington?.

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Washington takes office

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  1. http://youtu.be/uZfRaWAtBVg Washington takes office Section 1 Chapter 9: Launching the New Government.

  2. Setting the Scene... 1789 The New Congress meets for the 1st Time. How should people address George Washington? http://www.history.com/shows/america-the-story-of-us/videos/george-washington

  3. Washington’s 1st steps • G.W. Inaugurated • New York City • April 30, 1789 • Inauguration: • Ceremony in which the President officially takes the OATH of OFFICE. • Constitution • Provided a framework for the Government. • Did not explain how the Pres. should govern day to day. • Washington set a precedent for future leaders. • Precedent: • An act or a decision that sets and example for others to follow.

  4. The 1st cabinet • Congress created 5 Executive Departments. • State: Thomas Jefferson • Treasury: Alexander Hamilton • War: Henry Knox • Attorney General: Edmond Randolph • Known as the President's CABINET. • Gave advice to Washington and responsible for directing their departments.

  5. The federal court system • 1789: Judiciary Actwas passed. • 1) Supreme Court: • 1 Chief Justice. • 5 Associate Justices. • 1st Chief Justice: John Jay • 2) District Courts and Circuit Courts. • Decisions made in the lower courts could be appealed to the Supreme Court.

  6. Reducing the nation’s debt • Sec of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton. • National Debt: Largest Problem. • The total amount of money that a government owes to others. • Borrowed money by issuing Bonds. • Certificate that promises to repay the money loaned, plus interest, on a certain date.

  7. Hamilton’s plan • Called for the Govt. to repay both the Federal & State Debts. • Pay off all bonds issued before 1789. • Issue New bonds to pay off old debts. • Bankers and Investors were for it. • Others attacked him for it.

  8. Debating the plan • James Madison against it. • Said his plan would reward speculators. • Someone who invests in a risky venture in the hope of making a large profit. • Madison felt speculators did not deserve to make huge profits. • Hamilton said would lost the trust of investors if they did not pay back the debt in full. • Congress approved full repayment of the National Debt.

  9. States debts • James Madison: Southern . • By 1789: • Most Southern States paid off their debts. • Felt if they could pay it off other states should as well.

  10. Hamilton’s compromise • July 1790: • Congress voted to repay State Debts. • Build New Capital City. • Capital City: • Built along the Potomac River. • Between Virginia and Maryland. • Called "District of Columbia". • Today: Washington D.C.

  11. Plans to build the economy • 1791: Bank of the U.S. • Government deposited money from taxes into the bank. • Bank issued paper money to pay the government’s bills & make loans to farmers and businesses. • American Manufactures: • Tariff: or Tax issued. • Foreign goods bought into country. • Protective Tariff: • Meant to protect local industry from foreign competition. • North liked it. • South was against it. • Was passed but much lower than wanted.

  12. The whiskey rebellion • To raise money for the Treasury. • Congress: • Tax on all liquor made and sold in the U.S. • What was designed for good, sparked a rebellion that tested the strength of the new Government.

  13. A hated tax • Backcountry Farmers: • Grew corn. • Made whiskey. • Easier to transport. • Refused to pay the taxes. • 1794: • PA officials tried to collect the tax. • 1,000s protested, marching through Pittsburgh. • Tarred and Feathered tax collects.

  14. A show of strength • Washington Responds: • Militia was dispatched to PA. • Farmers quickly retuned home. • Hamilton wanted the leaders executed. • Washington pardoned them. • Felt the government showed its strength to all.

  15. Checking for understanding… • Where was President Washington inaugurated? • What was the Judiciary Act? • What was Hamilton’s Plan? • What good came out of the Whiskey Rebellion? • New York City. • Set up the Federal Court System. Creating the supreme court with 1 chief justice and 5 associate justices. • Called for the Government to repay both the federal and state debts. • Showed the strength of the new government, and that violence would not be tolerated.

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