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Information Systems Class Agenda 07 /04/06 Sock Hwa Chung 1. Syllabus 2. IT History

Information Systems Class Agenda 07 /04/06 Sock Hwa Chung 1. Syllabus 2. IT History 3. Systems Concept (Break Time) 4. Knowledge Management – Chapter 9 5. Introduction/ Email request. Information Systems Summer Semester 2006. Professor: Sock Hwa Chung , PhD, MBA, FLMI

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Information Systems Class Agenda 07 /04/06 Sock Hwa Chung 1. Syllabus 2. IT History

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  1. Information Systems Class Agenda 07/04/06 Sock Hwa Chung 1. Syllabus 2. IT History 3. Systems Concept (Break Time) 4. Knowledge Management – Chapter 9 5. Introduction/Email request

  2. Information SystemsSummer Semester 2006 • Professor: Sock Hwa Chung, PhD, MBA, FLMI College of Business Eastern Michigan University • Office: • Telephone: • e-Mail Address: schung1@emich.edu • Web Page: http://people.emich.edu/schung1

  3. Course Objectives The course facilitates for the student to: 1. Gain an appreciation and the importance of information systems as organizational resources 2. Develop a basic knowledge of IT 3. Become familiar with the issues related to the development of IS

  4. COURSE RESOURCES • Textbook • Turban, McLean, Weatherbe. (2002). Information Technology for Management, 3rd ed., John Wiley, U.S.A • Optional Textbook • O’Brien, J. (2006). Introduction to Information Systems, 13th ed., McGraw Hill Companies, Inc., New York • Required Readings for Project Topics: From Instructor’s Web Page 1. Data Warehousing 2. Enterprise Resource Planning 3. Thin Client 4. Outsourcing 5. RFID 6. Virtual Office • Software: Word, PowerPoint • Instructor’s Web Page – http://people.emich.edu/schung1

  5. STUDENT GRADING • Exam - 70% • Project Report – 20% • Project Presentation – 10%

  6. Course Schedule

  7. Announcement • On Thursday, 07/06/06, we will organize project teams during the class hour • Each team will have 5 (or 4) members

  8. History of IT

  9. Waves of Change Present 10,000 BC

  10. Waves of Change:Agricultural Age Present 8,000 BC 10,000 BC • Producer = Consumer • Cottage Industries • Apprenticeships • Human “Engine” • Competition = f(Location)

  11. Waves of Change:Industrial Age 1740 AD Present 10,000 BC • Efficiency & Centralization • Specialization • Mass Production • “Steam Engine” • Competition = f(Cost, Efficiency)

  12. Waves of Change:Information Age 1950 AD Present 10,000 BC • Info Sharing & Decentralization • Empowerment • Mass Customization • Computer “Engine” • Competition = f(Service, Speed, Quality)

  13. Information Age • “The First wave of change unleashed ten thousand years ago by the invention of agriculture or earthshaking” • “The Second wave of change touched off by the industrial revolution” • “We are the children of the next transformation. The Third Wave – Information Age” - Alvin Toffler’s The Third Wave (1980)

  14. IT Milestones 2010 1850 1950 2000 1900

  15. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 1890 Herman Hollerith develops and installs the 1st punched card machines in the US Census Bureau

  16. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 The Hollerith Tabulating Machine Company merges with other companies to form International Business Machines (IBM) 1912

  17. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 1946 The 1st electronic computer is developed: Electrical Numerical Integrator & Computer (ENIAC)

  18. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 The 1st general-purpose computer (UNIVAC I) is developed & installed at the US Census Bureau 1951

  19. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 1954 The 1st commercial business (General Electric) installs a UNIVAC I for accounting operations

  20. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 1958 Terminology, “Information Technology (IT)” was introduced by Levitt and Whisler in a HBR article “Management in the 1980’s”

  21. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 COBOL (COmmon Business Oriented Language) is developed under the direction of Admiral Grace Hopper 1960

  22. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 IBM introduces the first multitasking computer (System 360), which contained integrated circuits & had an operating system 1964

  23. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 The US Department of Defense establishes ARPANET 1969

  24. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 E. F. Codd proposes the relational database model in Communications of the ACM 1970

  25. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 Intel announces the development of the first microprocessor 1971

  26. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 The 1st microcomputer (Altair 8800) becomes available; Bill Gates & Paul Allen announce the 1st microcomputer version of BASIC 1974

  27. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 Steve Jobs & Steven Wozniak begin selling the Apple microcomputer from their garage The 1st supercomputer (CrayI) is announced 1976

  28. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 Visicalc for the Apple II is released 1979

  29. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 IBM introduces the Personal Computer (PC), with an operating system (DOS) developed by Microsoft 1981

  30. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 Apple introduces the MacIntosh, which has a Graphical User Interface (GUI) 1984

  31. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 Microsoft introduces Windows 1.0 for IBM-PC compatible computers 1985

  32. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 The NSF creates NSFNet, linking major research universities throughout the Unites States 1986

  33. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 Scientists at CERN (European Particle Physics Lab) develop the technologies for the World Wide Web 1989

  34. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 NSF allows non-academic organizations to connect to NSFNet, which becomes the Internet; withdrawal of NSF funding begins 1991

  35. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 Mosaic, the 1st Web browser, is developed by Mark Andreesen at the National Center for Supercomputing at the University of Illinois 1993

  36. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 Mark Andreesen & Jim Clark form Netscape Corporation & begin marketing Navigator 1994

  37. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 Amazon.com opens for business on the Web 1995

  38. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 The US Department of Justice takes Microsoft to court, alleging anti-trust violations 1998

  39. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 The new century begins with minimal disruption from the feared Y2K bug 2000

  40. IT Milestones 1850 2010 1900 1950 2000 ?

  41. Timeline of Business Change • 1880 -- Frederick Taylor ~ Efficiency • 1914 -- Henry Ford ~ Mass Production Alfred Sloan @ GM ~ Centralization • 1931 -- Proctor & Gamble ~ Brands • 1950 -- Peter Drucker ~ Management Theories • 1960 -- “Big Business” ~ Conglomerates • 1980 -- Edward Deming ~ Quality • 1990 -- Hammer & Champy ~ Reengineering • 2000 -- Organic Organizations ~ Learning Knowledge Management Business Intelligence

  42. About Systems

  43. Nature of Systems • The whole is more than the sum of parts • The whole defines the nature of the parts • The parts cannot be understood by studying the whole • The parts are dynamically interrelated or interdependent • Fredrich Hegel (1770-1831)

  44. “All phenomena can be explained in system terms” - von Bertalanffy (1962)

  45. “It is the beauty of systems that it is psycho-physical neutral, that is, its concepts and models can be applied to both material and non-material phenomena” - von Bertalanffy (1967)

  46. A system is s set of two or more elements that satisfies the following: • The behavior of each element has an effect on the behavior of the whole • The behavior of the elements and their effects on the whole are interdependent • However, subgroups of the elements are formed, all have an effect on the whole, but none has an independent effect on it - Russell Ackoff (1981)

  47. A Formula Defining A System

  48. A business organization can beexplained in system terms A Manager can boils down to four basic steps: • Define the company as a system • Establish system objectives • Create formal subsystems • Integrate the subsystems

  49. A “Concept” Allows Us to: • Talk to another • Exchange ideas • Learn by applying the same concept to different substantive issues

  50. System Concept • A Foundation – underlies the field of IS • The system concept helps you understand: • Technology • Applications • Development • Management

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