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Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

Elements, Compounds and Mixtures. Learning Objectives. At the end of the lesson, students should be able to: describe the differences between elements, compounds and mixtures. Elements. Pure substance that cannot be split up into two or more simpler substances.

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Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

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  1. Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

  2. Learning Objectives • At the end of the lesson, students should be able to: • describe the differences between elements, compounds and mixtures

  3. Elements • Pure substance that cannot be split up into two or more simpler substances. • Can be represented using chemical symbols (refer to the Periodic Table) • Elements can exist as either atoms or molecules. • Atoms are the smallest particles of an element that have the chemical properties of that element. • Molecules are a group of two or more atoms that are chemically combined.

  4. dividing line Figure 1. Periodic table showing metals and non-metals Properties of Metals and Non-metals • Elements can be classified into metals and non-metals. • A dividing staircase line separates the metals from the non-metals in the periodic table.

  5. Properties of Metals and Non-metals Elements that have properties of both metals and non-metals e.g. silicon are called metalloids.

  6. Wake Up Call 1 • Which of the following contains three elements? A argon, magnesium, phosphorus B brass, phosphorus, potassium C chlorine, air, nitrogen D petrol, alcohol, water Answer: A

  7. Wake Up Call 1 • Which of the following is an element? A CO B H2 C HCl D HI Answer: B

  8. Wake Up Call 1 • (a) How many types of elements are there in sulfuric acid, H2SO4? Answer: 3 (b) How many atoms are there in one molecule of sulfuric acid H2SO4? Answer 7

  9. Compounds and Mixtures • A compound is a substance that is made up of two or more elements chemically combined together. • A mixture consists of two or more substances (elements or compounds) that are not chemically combined together.

  10. Compounds and Mixtures

  11. Compounds and Mixtures

  12. Substance H2O Copper (Cu) Steel Ice (H2O) O2 C2H5OH Carbon Brass NO2 Air Seawater Element, compound or mixture? Compound Element Mixture Compound Element Compound Element Mixture Compound Mixture mixture Wake Up Call 2 • Classify the following substance as an element, a compound or a mixture.

  13. Comparing Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

  14. Comparing Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

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