1 / 22

The 3 Major Religions of Southwest Asia

The 3 Major Religions of Southwest Asia. Judaism Christianity Islam. Judaism. Oldest of 3 Set of beliefs and laws of ancient Hebrews Its book is the Torah Waiting for leader called the messiah Abraham father of the Jews (sometime around 2000 – 1500 BCE) Born in Ur, present-day Iraq

xiang
Télécharger la présentation

The 3 Major Religions of Southwest Asia

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The 3 Major Religions of Southwest Asia • Judaism • Christianity • Islam

  2. Judaism • Oldest of 3 • Set of beliefs and laws of ancient Hebrews • Its book is the Torah • Waiting for leader called the messiah • Abraham father of the Jews (sometime around 2000 – 1500 BCE) • Born in Ur, present-day Iraq • Later moved to Canaan, present-day Israel • Promised Land to Abraham and descendants

  3. Judaism Continued Abraham on SmartBoard

  4. Judaism Continued • Abraham’s grandson Jacob (Isaac’s Son) had 12 sons • Jacob was later called Israel and his descendents are called Israelites • First Temple (about 950 BCE) in Jerusalem(most holy city for Jews) • Destroyed in 586 BCE by Babylonians • Jews sent out of Canaan, returned after 50 yrs.

  5. Judaism Continued • Diaspora = when a group of people move away from homeland to many different locations separately. • All of the world’s Jewish communities that do not live in present-day Israel are part of the Jewish Diaspora.

  6. Judaism Continued • Second Temple built around 515 BCE • On site of First Temple

  7. Judaism Continued • Plundered by invading Romans about 54 BC • King Herod, a Jew, ruled Judea for the Romans • Herod rebuilt the Second Temple in 20 BCE

  8. In 70 AD Romans destroyed Herod’s temple. • Western Wall—single remaining temple wall • Place of prayer for Jewish people • Jews moved away from the land again until • Modern state of Israel formed in 1948

  9. Judaism Continued

  10. Christianity • Around 30 CE (AD), a Jew named Jesus began preaching new ideas about Judaism. • Romans controlled the region. • The later title of Jesus Christ is a reference to the belief by his followers that he is the Jewish messiah. • Jewish leaders asked that Jesus be arrested. • Romans found him guilty of speaking against Jewish laws and sentenced him to death.

  11. Christianity Continued • Christians believe that Jesus rose from the dead on the Sunday (the Resurrection) after being crucified on Friday. • Jesus had 12 disciples (close followers).

  12. Christianity Continued • Paul, who never met Jesus, became the person who spread Jesus’ message around the world • Ephesus, Corinth, Rome and other cities Epistles (letters) that Paul wrote • Romans, I Corinthians, II Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, I Thessalonians, II Thessalonians, I Timothy, II Timothy, Titus, Philemon and Hebrews

  13. Christianity Continued • Roman authorities fought the growth of the Christianity. • Christians were often arrested and killed. • By early 4th century • Christianity may have reached members of the Roman emperor’s family • Roman emperor, Constantine (not a Christian) had his soldiers fight an important battle in 313 CE with a Christian symbol on their shields—his army won

  14. Christianity Continued • 325 CE, Constantine called meeting for all Christian leaders to meet in Nicea • 300 men attended • Discussed how Christianity should be practiced • Nicene Creed • Uniform statement of Christian doctrine • Catholic church formed (which means universal)

  15. Christianity Continued

  16. Islam • Prophet Muhammad, an Arab born in 570 CE, in Mecca (#1 city of Islam), Saudi Arabia • Merchant known as “Al-Amin,” the trustworthy one • According to Islamic tradition • In 610 CE while praying in a cave • Had vision of angel Gabriel and received messages from Allah (God in Arabic)

  17. Islam • Muhammed spread messages he received • Forced to flee Mecca for Medina (#2 city of Islam) in 622 CE • Flight known as the Hijrah • Islamic calendar begins on this date • By time he died in 632 CE, Islamic control of central Arabia was well underway

  18. Islam • Before 700 CE, Muhammad’s followers were fighting over his successor • Fight split Muslims into the Shi’a and the Sunni • Shi’a 10% (Muhammad’s cousin Ali) • Sunni 90% (Muhammad’s friend Abu Bakr)

  19. Islam • Five Pillars of Islam • Believe in only one God and Muhammad is his messenger. • Pray in direction of Mecca 5 times a day. • Donate money to the poor. • Fast during the month of Ramadan. • Make a journey, or hajj, to Mecca at least once

  20. Islam • Other rules • What Muslims are allowed to eat and drink (no pork) • Qur’an (Koran) is their sacred book • Jihad requires believers to meet the enemies of Islam in combat.

  21. Islam

  22. Islam

More Related