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Late Middle Ages WAR!!!!

Late Middle Ages WAR!!!!. Agenda Intro to Section 5 Small group activity. Late middle ages- problems again. 1300-1500(ish) Another time of troubles This time issues come from inside Europe. War and the Growth of Nations.

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Late Middle Ages WAR!!!!

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  1. Late Middle AgesWAR!!!! Agenda Intro to Section 5 Small group activity

  2. Late middle ages- problems again • 1300-1500(ish) Another time of troubles • This time issues come from inside Europe.

  3. War and the Growth of Nations • Kingdoms are becoming Nations- and beginning to feel Nationalism. • Willing to fight for more than king- for your country. • Leads to bigger wars

  4. England vs. France- the 100 years war • 1328 Capetian dynasty dies out- French nobles chose Philip of Flanders- but English king Edward III claims throne (reverse William the conqueror) and invades • 116 year war- 1337-1453 many generations • Siege warfare- 2 new weapons Longbow (armor) and cannon (castle) change fighting

  5. Joan Of Arc • England does well at beginning • - 1415 they control 2/3 of France. • Turing point comes in 1429 w/a 14 year old peasant girl- who crowns Charles VII and rallies the French to fight • Captured by English and burned at the stake as a witch

  6. Victory for France • English start to fall back, have overextended themselves, can’t remember WHY they are fighting. • 1453 treaty signed- English keep only port of Calais. • Nobles have lost power-French king becomes very powerful

  7. England vs. England- the war of the Roses • 1455-1471 • Angevin dynasty dies out. • Civil war between house of York (white rose) and house of Lancaster (red rose) for throne • Power goes back and forth Richard III (York) most famous king loses throne to house of Tudor in 1485

  8. Spain • From 700-1000 ruled by Moors (Muslims) who allowed other faiths to worship freely • “Reconquista” attempt by Christians to drive the Moors out 1000-1492. • Spain had many small kingdoms- unified by marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile 1479. • In some ways Spain “skips” middle ages- Muslims are enlightened rulers • In other ways they get stuck there- become religious fanatics with no tolerance for differences (inquisition)

  9. The Church • Seriously weakened by the plague- Where was God? Why couldn’t the church stop the death? • As kings gain power (nationalism) popes lose it. • People start to ask questions- about the churches ideas and their role as leaders in society

  10. The Babylonian Captivity 1309-1377 • 1309 Pope dies. Philip the fair decided to buy the position for a French Bishop. • New pope (clement v) stays in Avignon France- so do next 6 (shows power of France) • Seemed like the pope belonged to the king- and Avignon was famous for “unholy” activities.

  11. The Great Schism • 1377 pope dies in Avignon- king chooses a new one- Clement VII (king’s son) • Italy refuses to accept- chose their own pope- Urban VI • Europe is split- who is the real pope? Both popes excommunicate the other. • Trying to end chaos- HRE chooses their own pope- Peter the Hermit • 1377 is the year of three popes • Broke unity of the church

  12. Challenging Church Power • The church no longer seems “perfect” and people start asking questions. • Kings say their power comes from God as well (divine right of kings) • New religious ideas start to appear • John Wycliff- said the bible should be in vernacular so that anyone could read it for themselves.

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