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Participatory design: an example of building common logic of intervention to support local project design C. Bogliotti * CIHEAM - Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo of Bari, Italy. Targets of presentation.

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Targets of presentation

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  1. Participatory design: an example of building common logic of intervention to support local project design C. Bogliotti *CIHEAM - Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo of Bari, Italy

  2. Targets of presentation Initiate and support stakeholders’ discussion and dialogue on water stress in the test site Suggest a practical method to systematise the complex frame of problems regarding water stress in the test site Develop a process of shared knowledge on water stress in the test site to contribute to building sustainable development A common frame of problems and a consensus on a common logic of intervention oriented towards the main criteria of sustainable development

  3. Targeting sustainable development • Criteria or imperatives of Sustainable Development (1,2) as main target reference Sustainability: - social dimension: improve cohesion - economic dimension: competitiveness - environmental dimension: limit throughout Governance: - critical mass (CM) - knowledge (KN) - capacity (CA) (1) Valentin & Spangenberg, 2000, (2) Bogliotti & Spangenberg (2005)

  4. …continuation… • Interlinkages among criteria or imperatives Sustainability: - socio-economic: burden sharing - socio-environment: access - economic-environment: eco-efficiency Governance: - CM-CA: diversity of planning - CM-KN: preventive planning (system perturbation) - CM-KN: diversity of notions in communication

  5. ….continuation… • Working steps: 1. Consultation with stakeholders 2. Systematisation using variables or imperatives of sustainability and governance 3. Analysis of common problem 4. Translate problem analysis into objective analysis: the Logic of Intervention (LoI) 5. Discussion in plenary session (Cagliari, October 7th 2005)

  6. 1. Preliminary Consultation with Stakeholders • Consultation with 17 local stakeholders through the project regional partner (Hydrocontrol) • Outcomes: a random list of problems • Post-consultation work: organisation of problems in a frame of cause-effect relationships

  7. ……continuation…. • Small scale farmer: Citrus orchard cooperative of Muarvera (low Flumendosa basin): problems due to water scarcity, saline water intrusion in Muravera plain, difficulty of aquifer recharge, possible increasing of recharge problems following the construction of low Flumendosa dam with consequent loss of fertile soils, wastewater reuse and good quality of the treated effluent • Consumer group (Movement for citizen defence): safety and conservation of drinking water, necessity to win consumer diffidence on potable tap water; • Volunteer (Luciano Atzori , biologist expert of water quality problems): safety and conservation of drinking water, necessity to win consumer diffidence on tap water; • Consortium for the irrigation of Southern Sardinia (CBSM): water tariff, setting of best practises for irrigation and planning of best cultures during drought, wastewater reuse in agriculture; • Tourist Agency of Muravera (low Flumendosa basin ): problems due to water scarcity, difficulty of aquifer recharge and saline intrusion in Muravera plain; • Industries Consortium (TECNOCASIC): waste water reuse for industrial purposes, disinfection treatment and disinfection by product productions, best practises of water saving in industry, setting of efficient tertiary treatments • Ministry of Environment: implementation of WFD

  8. ….continuation….. 8. Regional Authority (Committee for public work): problems due to water: service re-organisation 9. Regional Authority (Committee for the environment): implementation of WFD, setting of water safeguard plan • EAF (Regional Agency for management of Flumendosa Campidano hydraulic system): saline water intrusion in Muravera plain, necessity to solve conflict due to the dam construction in low Flumendosa basin, eutrophication problems, algal bloom • Municipality of Cagliari (Wastewater Utility): water service re-organisation and water tariff , water losses from aqueducts 12. ESAF (Wastewater Utility): water service re-organisation and water tariff, integrated water service management, water losses 13 ARPA (Regional agency for the environment protection): vital flow, implementation of WFD, safeguard planning , elaboration of new indexes for monitoring water quality 14 NGO Legambiente sardegna: safety and conservation of drinking water, environmental sustainability in water management • ERSAT (Regional Agency for the technical assistance to farmers): saline intrusion and difficulty of recharge , wastewater reuse in agriculture • ATO: institutional problems, water tariff for potable use, water losses • AMNISTANTZIA (union of women): improve water services and tariffs

  9. 2. Systematisation using variables or imperatives of sustainability and governance Graphical devices encompassing variables Care (Environment) Democracy (Social) Equity (Economic) Environmental Limit throughout Knowledge Improve access Eco-efficiency Space of Sustainability Diversity in communication Preventive planning Space of Governance EconomicCompetitiveness Social Cohesion Burden sharing Capacity Diversity inplanning Critical mass

  10. 3. Problem analysis Sytematisation and organisation of problems in four problem trees accounting respectively for the social, economic, environmental and governance concerns. at each dimension or imperative of sustainable development: ….. 1st level Effect 2nd level 2nd level Cause 3rd level 2nd level 2nd level 2nd level

  11. ..continuation… Problem tree • Social dimension • Imperative: improve cohesion, access (social-governance) Problems of cohesion at territorial level due to difficulties of water management during drought Inadequate societal access to water (interlinkage socio-governance dimensions) Consumer diffidence on quality of drinking water Exacerbation of conflicts to water allocation Conflicts for the construction of low Flumendosa dam Lack of awareness campaigns and lack of dialogue towards the society High water demand for agricultural uses penalised in favour of civil uses Lack of efficient policies and actions in conflicts management Bad taste of water due to the presence of chlorine Possible formation of disinfection by products Need of seminars, training

  12. ….continuation…. • Environmental dimension • Imperative: limit throughout Risk of non resiliance of degraded systems  non recoverability of water systems (environmental dimension) Low eco-efficiency (resources productivity) (interlinkage economic-environmental dimensions) Difficulty of aquifer recharge and possible loss of fertile soils and consequent environmental problems Decrease of quality and quantity of water resources and ecosystems Lacking of efficient water safeguard plan Saline water intrusion in aquifers 1)Eutrophication during drought 2) Flood 3) Minimum Vital Flow Water loss from Aqueducts (>40%) Lack of private and public awareness of environmental protection Low Flumendosa dam construction and operation Groundwater over-exploitation Difficulty of management during drought Need of multi-stakeholder workshop

  13. Lacking of a sufficient number of wastewater treatment plants for reuse in agriculture and possible problems of high salts in the treated effluent Problems linked to water disinfection treatment for prividing potable water to industries Wastewater reuse treatment plan for industrial purposes not yet functioning (importance of setting of efficient techniques for tertiary treatment) Lacking of up to date technologies on industrial water saving Inadequate irrigation practices during drought Inadequate crop planning during water emergency ….continuation…. • Economic dimension • Imperative: improve competitiveness Low system (territorial) competitiveness due to low water yields Lower potential water yield available for farmers and consequent impact on produced biomass Problems of maintaining productivity in industrial processes during dry season Need of training Need of training

  14. ….continuation…. Problems of care (infrastr.) and equity (price) (interlinkages governance vs. environment and economic Difficulty in water system management, poor innovation in water infrastructure developmentandwater conflict control • Governance dimension: mass-knowledge-capacity integration Lack of water saving practises at household level Lack of critical mass in dialogue reducing acceptance & number of choices Inadequate water tariff for irrigation purposes Poor O&M of water infrastructures, particularly regarding water losses Inadequate water tariff for civil purposes Lack of integrated water service based on different uses/users and sustainability Delay of reorganization of water services and regulatory framework in Sardinia: problem of system capacity Poor shared knowledge due to poor collaboration/exchange between stakeholders of high and low level Need of schooling. Training and Workshops for stakeholders and professionals Need of training for stakeholders and professionals

  15. 4. Translate problem analysis into objective analysis: the Logic of Intervention (LoI)

  16. 5. Discussion in plenary session • Deepening problem analysis and LoI • Identify common indicators • Identify operational interlinkages with the AQUASTRESS project

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