Modern Language Association 7 th Edition

1. Modern Language Association 7th Edition Citations and Works Cited Notes

2. Parenthetical Citations • In MLA style you briefly credit sources with parenthetical citations in the text of your paper • A parenthetical citation includes the author's last name and the page number(s) of the information used Examples: • There is a significant amount of dating violence among teens in Hawaii (Gordon D1). • Or, place the author's name within the sentenceLimbaugh concluded that most large concentrations of reef fish are cleaning stations (110).

3. Special Circumstances for Parenthetical Citations • When there are authors with the same last name, differentiate between them by adding their first initials: (K. Lee 291) (H. Lee 106) • For two or three authors, give both last names; for more than three authors, give all of the last names (Coleman, Ganong, and Warzinik 48) • For a source with no page numbers such as a web site or video, use the creator's name alone, or when there is no author, cite by the title. (Color Adjustment) • For two or more works by the same author, add the title or abbreviated title after the author's name: (Mead, Coming of Age 32) (Mead, Culture 55)

4. Block Quotes • Use when cited more than 4 lines They entirely refused to have it in bed with them, or even in their room, and I had no more sense, so, I put it on the landing of the stairs, hoping it would be gone on the morrow. By chance, or else attracted by hearing his voice, it crept to Mr. Earnshaw's door, and there he found it on quitting his chamber. Inquiries were made as to how it got there; I was obliged to confess, and in recompense for my cowardice and inhumanity was sent out of the house. (Bronte 78) NOTICE: THE PERIOD GOES BEFORE the Parenthetical Citation Nelly Dean treats Heathcliff poorly and dehumanizes him throughout her narration:

5. Adding Words in a Quote • Put brackets around words you add to the quote • Do this to help the quote make sense in your paper Example Jan Harold Brunvand, in an essay on urban legends, states: “Some individuals [who retell urban legends] make a point of learning every rumor or tale" (78).

6. Omitting Words in a Quote • Indicate the deleted word or words by using ellipsis marks, which are three periods ( . . . ) • Don’t forget to space after each ellipsis/period Example: In an essay on urban legends, Jan Harold Brunvand notes that "some individuals make a point of learning every recent rumor or tale . . . and in a short time a lively exchange of details occurs" (78).

7. Quotes with your Quote • Use single quotes—the apostrophe Example: In an essay on civil rights, Jan Harold Brunvand notes that “Martin Luther King, Jr. once said, ‘I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character’” (78).

8. Works Cited Page • A list of the sources quoted or paraphrased your research paper • Arrange alphabetically by author's last name • When there is no author alphabetize by the first word of the title (except A, An, The). • Heading is centered, saying Works Cited • Do not bold or italicize or put quotation marks around heading; 12 pt font only; no fancy font • Second and third lines of each entry need to be indented = hanging indent • Your last name and the page # go in right hand corner

9. Draw out a pretend works cited page now! Need heading—your last name and page # Need title: Works Cited

10. Should look like this:

11. Here are the computer directions to set up your Works Cited WRITE THIS DOWN!

12. On Computer:Open MS Word documentClick on INSERT

13. Click on HEADER

14. Click on EDIT HEADER

15. Click:INSERT Alignment Tab

16. Select:RIGHT

17. TYPE YOUR LAST NAME

18. CLICK:INSERT PAGE NUMBER

19. CLICK:CURRENT POSITIONSelect: Plain Number

20. Close Header

21. Create a Page BreakClick: INSERTSelect: PAGE BREAK

22. Now type the title of your Works Cited page

23. Then type the left heading of your paper on page 1

24. HERE ARE SOME HELPFUL HINTS DO THIS TO AVOID PAGE FORMATTING ERRORS

25. Make sure its double-spaced!CLICK: HOMEFind spacing short cut keySet to 2.0

26. This is to avoid extra space after your paragraphs! WRITE THIS DOWN!

27. Click: PAGE LAYOUTFIND: SPACING Set “Before” and “After” to 0 pt

28. Find: Page Layout tabClick on the little arrows by PARAGRAPH

29. CLICK: in box to remove WIDOW/ORPHAN control

30. MLA Update 2009 • No more Underlining • only use italics • Publication Medium • e.g., Print, Web, Film, etc. • New Abbreviations • “n. p.” for no publisher given • “n. d. for no publishing date given; • “n. pag.” for no page given

31. Authors • One Author • Write the author's name as Last Name, First Name. • Same Author (Repeats) • Use 3 dashes to indicate repeat Example: Nordhaus, William D. "After Kyoto: Alternative Mechanisms to Control Global Warming." American Economic Review 96.2 (2006): 31-34. Print. ---. "Global Warming Economics." Science 9 Nov. 2001: 1283-84. Science Online. Web. 24 May 2009.

32. Authors • Two or More Authors • List the names in the order they appear on the title page • Use commas between authors • Use “and” before last authors name • Use a period after the last author's name • Only the name of the first author should be reversed (Last Name, First Name) • Tthe other name(s) should be written in regular order. Example: Milken, Michael, Gary Becker, and Daniel Kahneman. "On Global Warming and Financial Imbalances." New Perspectives Quarterly 23.4 (2006): 63. Print

33. Three or More Authors • Give only the first author and add et al. Example: Milken, Michael, et.al. "On Global Warming and Financial Imbalances." New Perspectives Quarterly 23.4 (2006): 63. E-libray. Web. 23 Nov. 2010.

34. Web Sites • Author. "Title of the Article." Title of the Overall Web Site. Version or Edition. Publisher or Sponsor, Date. Web. Date of Access. • Note: All dates are military (day month year 25 May 2010).

35. Examples of Websites • Altonn, Helen. "Marine Team Sounds Alarm for Reefs." StarBulletin.com. Star Bulletin, 29 Aug. 2008. Web. 17 June 2009. • "Hawaii Drunk Driving Statistics." Alcohol Alert. KeRo, 2009. Web. 17 Mar. 2009. • Holahan, Catherine. "Eddie Bauer Files for Bankruptcy." MSN Money. Microsoft, 17 June 2009. Web. 17 June 2009. • Landau, Elizabeth. "CDC: Swine Flu Viruses in U.S. and Mexico Match." CNN Health.com. Cable News Network, 25 Apr. 2009. Web. 17 June 2009. • Lehrman, Lewis E. Lincoln at Peoria. Lincoln Institute, n.d. Web. 17 June 2009.

36. Magazine Articles In Print Author. "Title of Article." Title of Magazine Date: Page(s). Print. Examples: Kelley, Raina. "Octomom Hypocrisy." Newsweek 16 Mar. 2009: 58. Print. Reynolds, Kim. "Body Doubles." Motor Trend May 2009: 52-60. Print.

37. Online Magazines Articles Author. "Title of Article." Title of Magazine Date: Page(s). Web. Date of Access. Examples: Britt, Phillip. "Taking the Byte Out of Cybercrime." Information Today Dec. 2008: 1+. Web. 8 June 2009. Shapiro, Bruce. "The Executioner's Last Song." Nation 13 Apr. 2009: 5. Web. 8 June 2009.

38. Newspaper Articles In Print Author. "Title of Article." Title of Newspaper Date, edition: Page(s). Print. Examples: • Boylan, Peter. "Man Pleads Guilty to Fraud." Honolulu Advertiser 17 Apr. 2009, home final ed.: B1+. Print. • Dreazen, Yochi J., and Loretta Chao. "U.S. Asks China to Account for Tiananmen." Wall Street Journal 4 June 2009: A8. Print.

39. Online Newspaper Articles • Author. "Title of Article." Title of Newspaper Date, edition: Page(s). Web. Date of Access. Example: • Lowy, Joan. "High Gas Prices Drive Down Traffic Fatalities." Washington Times 25 Aug. 2008: n. pag. Web. 8 June 2009.

40. Scholarly Articles from E-library or WPL Databases Last Name, First name. “Title of Article.” Name of Journal Volume.Issue (Date): pages. Name of database. Medium. Date of access. Langhamer, Claire. “Love and Courtship in Mid-Twentieth-Century England.” Historical Journal 50.1 (2007): 173-96. ProQuest. Web. 27 May 2009.

41. Books Author. Title of Book. City of Publication: Publisher, Year. Type of Material. Diamond, Jared. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies. New York: Norton, 1999. Print.

42. Personal Interview • Name of Person Interviewed. Type of interview (Personal or Telephone). Date. • Kato, Ken. Personal interview. 11 Apr. 2009.

43. Song Lyrics • Last, First. Lyrics. “Song Title.” Music by (Artist’s Name). Album Title. Label. Year. Format. • LP = Record, CD = Compact Disc • Andersen, Eric. Lyrics. "Violets of Dawn." Music by Eric Andersen. Bout Changes and Things. Elektra. 1966. LP.

44. Film • Film Title. Name of director, dir. Performers/Actors names. Distributor, Release year. Medium of publication (e.g. DVD, VHS, Laser disc). • The Usual Suspects. Dir. Bryan Singer. Perf. Kevin Spacey, Gabriel Byrne, Chazz Palminteri, Stephen Baldwin, and Benecio del Toro. Polygram, 1995. Film.

45. Now use the packet of sources to write a pretend Works Cited Don’t forget to use hanging indents!

46. Example

47. For more information • Or to see where I got my information, see • http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/05/ • http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/library/mlahcc7th.html