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Maternal-Child Contributions to Cognitive Development in 12, 24, and 36 Month Olds

Maternal-Child Contributions to Cognitive Development in 12, 24, and 36 Month Olds. J.C. Graff, L.E. Murphy, F.B. Palmer, C.M. Warner- Metzer , C. Butzon-Reed, B. Keisling, C. Klubnik, L. Benner, S. Bliss, F.A. Tylavsky University of Tennessee Health Science Center, The Urban Child Institute.

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Maternal-Child Contributions to Cognitive Development in 12, 24, and 36 Month Olds

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  1. Maternal-Child Contributions to Cognitive Development in 12, 24, and 36 Month Olds J.C. Graff, L.E. Murphy, F.B. Palmer, C.M. Warner-Metzer, C. Butzon-Reed, B. Keisling, C. Klubnik, L. Benner, S. Bliss, F.A. Tylavsky University of Tennessee Health Science Center, The Urban Child Institute

  2. Purpose • Examine maternal and child predictors of cognitive development in 12, 24, and 36 month old children enrolled in the CANDLE Study being conducted by a cross-disciplinary, cross-institutional team of researchers.

  3. CANDLE Study The CANDLE Study (Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning in Early Childhood) is designed to: • Evaluate 1,500 pregnant women and their children living in Memphis/Shelby County, TN from the second trimester into childhood. • Investigate the wide range of genetic, epigenetic, demographic, environmental and social factors influencing child development across urban and suburban neighborhoods.

  4. Maternal Criteria for Enrollment • Pregnant women between 16 and 28 weeks gestation • Shelby County resident • Low risk pregnancy • Between the ages of 16 and 40 • Speak and understand English • Single pregnancy • Must be willing to give consent

  5. Measures • Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd edition (BSID-III; Bayley, 2006) • Cognitive, Receptive communication, Expressive communication • Parent-Child Interaction Teaching Scale (PCI, Sumner & Spietz, 1994) • Caregiver and child subscales and total scores • Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI, Wechsler, 1999) • Total IQ • Demographic characteristics of participants • Maternal age, education, race, marital status, insurance • Child gestational age

  6. Cognitive outcomes 1BSID-III Screener administered.

  7. Logistic regression predicting development at 12 months

  8. Regression analysis predicting cognitive development at 24 months Note. R2 = .32 (N=500, p <.001).

  9. Regression analysis predicting cognitive development at 36 months Note. R2 = .29 (N=202, p <.001).

  10. Conclusion • Observed cognitive growth fostering behavior measured by the Teaching Scale contributed to cognitive development in 12, 24, and 36 month olds. • The variables making the greatest contribution to the young child’s development varied across these three time points. • Additionally, maternal characteristics, i.e., education, socioeconomic status, and race, varied at each time point.

  11. Recommendation • Factors contributing to maternal behaviors that foster child development should be examined carefully. • As the CANDLE Study data collection continues, statistical analyses can be conducted to identify groups within this population that can benefit from interventions that are tailored to maternal and child characteristics and available resources to the children, their mothers, and their families.

  12. Special thanks to CANDLE study mothers, children and their families! Contact Information: J. Carolyn Graff, PhD, RN cgraff@uthsc.edu Fran A. Tylavsky, DPH ftylavsky@uthsc.edu Amy Mary Scheck, MA ascheck@uthsc.edu

  13. CANDLE Investigators, Examiners, Staff, and Collaborators • University of Tennessee Health Science Center • College of Medicine • Preventive Medicine • Pediatrics • Boling Center for Developmental Disabilities • College of Nursing • The Urban Child Institute • University of Memphis • Regional Medical Center • Vanderbilt University • University of Alabama, Birmingham • Tulane University • Texas Tech University • University of North Carolina, Charlotte • University of Montreal

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