Lesson 3

1. Lesson 3 Understanding Animal Welfare Issues Reminder: student learning activities are at the end of this power point.

2. Next Generation Science/Common Core Standards Addressed! • RST.9‐10.8 Assess the extent to which the reasoning and evidence in a text support the author’s claim or a recommendation for solving a scientific or technical problem. (HS‐LS2‐6),(HS‐LS2‐7),(HS‐LS2‐8) • RST.11‐12.1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending to important distinctions the author makes and to any gaps or inconsistencies in the account. (HS‐LS1‐1) • RST.11‐12.7 Integrate and evaluate multiple sources of information presented in diverse formats and media (e.g.,quantitative data, video, multimedia) in order to address a question or solve a problem. (HS‐LS2‐6), (HS2‐7),(HS-LS2-8)

3. Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resource Standards Addressed! • AS.02.01. Demonstrate management techniques that ensure animal welfare. • AS.02.01.01.a. Explain the implications of animal welfare and animal rights for animal systems.

4. Bell Work! • Identify ethics involved with animal production. • Discuss animal welfare and animal rights issues. • Describe animals used for genetic engineering and biotechnology.

5. Terms • Animal rights • Animal welfare • Biotechnology • Cloning • Ethics • Genetic engineering

6. What ethics are involved with animal production? • Ethics involve examination of moral issues to determine right from wrong when dealing with human character and conduct. The main ethical question that arises is whether we should raise animals in order to kill and eat them, or not. • Humans have used animals for their meat and hides for centuries. • Some people wonder if we should have the power as humans to do so.

7. Ethics Continued: • The argument has been long asked why we need to eat the animals. • Since we are not forced to eat animals because of hunger or nutrient requirements some think we do so just because we like to. • There is no list of facts available to make everyone think that we should or should not eat animals. • The decision is up to each consumer to decide for themselves.

8. Ethics Continued: • Most people do agree on the fact that animals should be raised free from pain and suffering. • It is difficult to agree on what terms are needed to raise an animal in the most comfortable manner possible.

9. Ethics Continued: • In advanced countries like the U.S. questions are raised about specific animal raising techniques like dehorning and castrations without the use of numbing medication. • The point is made that we should not partake in these practices because we have the means to make it better for the animals.

10. Ethics Continued: • Many practices that ensure the well-being of animals are not economically feasible to producers and consumers. • Facilities are set up to be profitable to the owners. • Many consumers are not willing to pay extra for meat that animal-friendly production facilities would bring.

11. Ethics Continued: • Some major ethical issues involve the following: • Use of confinement and small living areas for animals. • Withholding medical attention to decrease production costs. • Slaughter of animals in view of other animals. • Selection of animals for rapid growth that can also have other medical problems because of it. • Creating turkeys by natural selection that can not reproduce naturally because of their large breast muscles.

12. Large Chicken Farm Sows in crates

13. What is the difference between animal rights and animal welfare? Animal rightsis the belief that animals have the same right to life and liberty as humans. Animal welfareis the belief that humans should provide animals with surroundings that meet their needs while under their control.

14. If you believe in animal rights, the slaughter of livestock is viewed as murder. • If you believe in animal welfare, the slaughter of livestock should be done in a humane manner. • The choice to believe in animal rights or animal welfare is up to each individual. • Like any view, it is one that is made based on your knowledge and feelings about a situation. • As the size of farms increases and the number of farmers decrease, fewer and fewer people have the opportunity to see how animals are raised.

15. Most animal producers are concerned with animal welfare. • They know that raising an animal improperly can cause the animal to become sick or die. • Sick and dead animals take from the producers profit. Most producers raise animals as humanely as possible. • The debate over what animals need has been long and is far from over. • Basically freedom from the following stresses are the focus of discussions: thirst, hunger, malnutrition, discomfort, pain, injury, disease, and mental suffering.

16. What issues are involved with using animals for genetic engineering andbiotechnology? • Biotechnology is the application of biology to technology. • Often, biotechnology uses living cells and components to research advances in technology. • Many different processes are used and several debates stem from these uses. • The research done is used to benefit both animals and humans.

17. Genetic engineering is the movement of genes from one cell to another. • Improvement of feeds and breeds are two benefits genetic engineering will bring. • Manipulation of genetics has also brought about cloning of animals. • Cloning is creating exact duplicates of plants and animals. • Modification of animals has caused great controversy over moral and spiritual grounds. Eight Cloned Cattle

18. Many risks are involved with genetically engineering animals. • Some risks include: • Loss of genetic diversity could arise. • Some modifications could have harmful consequences that will not be detected right away. • Not foreseeing economic effects that could disturb the economy. • Use of animals to carry pathogens and infect humans could occur.

19. Genetic Engineering andBiotechnology Continued: • Many precautions are being made to regulate genetic engineering. • It is difficult to weigh advantages and disadvantages because this procedure has not been around for very long.

20. Review/Summary • Identify ethics involved with animal production. • Discuss animal welfare and animal rights issues. • Describe animals used for genetic engineering and biotechnology.

22. Student Learning Activities • Sample tests are available in the Lesson Plan tab.

28. Name: _____________________________ • Understanding Animal Welfare Issues worksheet • Complete this worksheet by ether filling in the blanks or answering the questions with a complete sentence.   • What are ethics? • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Humans have used animals for their meat and hides for centuries. • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Most people _______________ agree on the fact that ___________________________ should be raised _______________ from _____________________ and ________________________. It is __________________________________ to agree on what __________________ are needed to raise an __________________________ in the most ____________________________ manner ____________________________.

29. In ______________________________ countries like the _____________ questions are ______________________ about specific animal raising _________________________ like ___________________________ and ________________________________ without the use of _______________________________________________________. The point is made that we should ____________ partake in these __________________ because we have the means to make it ___________________ for the ______________. • How are facilities set up? • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Some major ethical issues involve the following: • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

30. What are animal rights? • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • What is animal welfare? • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • If you believe in animal ______________________, the slaughter of livestock is viewed as ______________________. If you believe in animal _______________________, the slaughter of livestock should ________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________. • The choice to believe in animal right or animal welfare is up to each individual. • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Most animal producers are concerned with animal welfare. • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

31. The debate over what animals need has been long and id far from over. • ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • What is biotechnology? • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Often, _____________________________ uses _________________________________ and ____________________________ to research advances in ____________________. Many different ________________________________ are used and several _______________________________ from these uses. The research _______________ is used to _______________________ both ______________________ and ___________________________. • What is genetic engineering? • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Improvement of feeds and _____________________ are two benefits ________________________________ will bring. ___________________________ of genetics has also brought about ___________________________________. • What is cloning? • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

32. Modification of ______________________ has caused great ______________________ over __________________________ and ______________________________ grounds. • Many risks are involves with genetically engineering animals. • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Many precautions are being made to regulate genetic engineering. • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

33. KEY Name: _____________________________ • Understanding Animal Welfare Issues worksheet • Complete this worksheet by ether filling in the blanks or answering the questions with a complete sentence. • What are ethics? • Ethics involve examination of moral issues to determine right from wrong when dealing with human character and conduct. • Humans have used animals for their meat and hides for centuries. • Some people wonder if we should have the power as humans to do so. • The argument has been long asked why we need to eat the animals. • Since we are not forced to eat animals because of hunger or nutrient requirements some think we do so just because we like to. • There is no list of facts available to make everyone think that we should or should not eat animals. • The decision is up to each consumer to decide for themselves. • Most people do agree on the fact that animals should be raised free from pain and suffering. It is difficult to agree on what terms are needed to raise an animal in the most comfortable manner possible.

34. In advanced countries like the U.S. questions are raised about specific animal raising techniques like dehorning and castrations without the use of numbing medications. The point is made that we should not partake in these practices because we have the means to make it better for the animals. • How are facilities set up? • Facilities are set up to be profitable to the owners. • Some major ethical issues involve the following: • Use of confinement and small living areas for animals. • Withholding medical attention to decrease production costs. • Slaughter of animals in view of other animals. • Selection of animals for rapid growth that can also have other medical problems because of it. • Creating turkeys by natural selection that can not reproduce naturally because of their large breast muscles. • What are animal rights? • Animal rights is the belief that animals have the same right to life and liberty as humans. • What is animal welfare? • Animal welfare is the belief that humans should provide animals with surroundings that meet their needs while under their control.

35. If you believe in animal rights, the slaughter of livestock is viewed as murder. If you believe in animal welfare, the slaughter of livestock should be done in a humane manner. • The choice to believe in animal right or animal welfare is up to each individual. • Like any view, it is one that is made based on your knowledge and feelings about a situation. • As the size of farms increases and the number of farmers decreases, fewer and fewer people have the opportunity to see how animals are raised. • Most animal producers are concerned with animal welfare. • They know that raising an animal improperly can cause the animal to become sick and die. • Sick and dead animals take from the producers profit. Most producers raise animals as humanely as possible. • The debate over what animals need has been long and id far from over. • Basically freedom from the following stresses are the focus of discussions: thirst, hunger, malnutrition, discomfort, pair, injury, disease, and mental suffering. • What is biotechnology? • Biotechnology is the application of biology to technology.

36. Often, biotechnology uses living cells and components to research advances in technology. Many different processes are used and several debates stem from these uses. The research done is used to benefit both animals and humans. • What is genetic engineering? • Genetic engineering is the movement of genes from one cell to another. • Improvement of feeds and breeds are two benefits genetic engineering will bring. Manipulation of genetics has also brought about cloning of animals. • What is cloning? • Cloning is creating exact duplicates of plants and animals. • Modification of animals has caused great controversy over moral and spiritual grounds. • Many risks are involves with genetically engineering animals. • Loss of genetic diversity could arise. • Some modifications could have harmful consequences that will not be detected right away. • Not foreseeing economic effects that could disturb the economy. • Use of animals to carry pathogens and infect humans could occur. • Many precautions are being made to regulate genetic engineering. • It is difficult to weigh advantages and disadvantages because this procedure has not been around for very long.