Engineering Practices

1. Engineering Practices Applications in natural science

2. Asking Questions and Defining Problems: What is the problem? That’s the questionPlan & Do an Investigation How do I solve the problem? That’s the planAnalyze & Interpret the data Does my information make sense? That’s interpretationUse Math & Computational ThinkingCan I quantify data to find a pattern or variables? That’s computational thinkingBuild an Explanation & Design a Solution Why will my solution work? Develop an answerDevelop & Use Models Will my solution work? A model (diagram, analogy, algorithm, sketch) tests your ideaEngaging in Argument from EvidenceWho is right? You or me? Presenting an defending your data confirms the solution Follow the natural order of how we solve problems

3. Start with a problem to be solved You are a paleontologist. You have found this skull Problem is, that is all you, or anyone else, has ever found—just the skull. What did the rest of him look like? “Unknown dinosaur skull”

4. Engineering Practices you will employ…. Asking Questions & Defining Problems What’s the problem to be solved here?

5. Engineering Practices You Will employ… Planning & Carrying Out an Investigation What will you investigate? How will you do it?

6. Core Ideas to Build Upon …. Probe students via open-ended questions for information they can glean from observation. Probe for prior knowledge through open-ended questions

7. Engineering Practices You Will employ… Analyzing & Interpreting Data What information have you collected? What is relevant? How will you put the pieces together?

8. Engineering Practices You Will employ… 12 x 9=108” = 9 ft long Thick, strong neck Developing & Using Models 12” Using Math & Computational Thinking Strong muscular legs My model

9. Engineering Practices You Will employ… Constructing Explanations & Designing Solutions The top of a Pachycephalosaurus skull could be 9 inches thick, and much of the skull and the snout were also covered by small bony knobs and spikes. The size of the skull as a ratio of its body size means it was probably 9 to 10 ft long. Similar animals of that size and shape today weigh about 250 lbs, so it probably did. The dinosaur's distinctive domed cranium was so thick and stout that it can sometimes survive as a fossil when the rest of the skeleton degrades. Some scientists think that it’s thick skull allowed these animals to fight in head-butting battles compared to bighorn sheep and other modern animals do. Scars on its skull have been interpreted as reinforcing this hypothesis, though other research is contradictory. Pachycephalosaurus was an herbivore, probably fed on low-lying plants relatively close to the ground.

10. Engineering Practices You Will employ… Engaging in Argument from Evidence How do you know it looks like that? What data supports your reconstruction?

11. Archeology investigation-“Is it really that old?” Visitor plays the part of archeologist-looking at a fabric sample of something the owner claims is thousands of years old. Looks at the unknown under a slide against a series of exemplars—what is it? Could do similar activity with common invertebrate fossils --“How do we Know” lets visitors find out how paleontologists reconstruct dinos. In this case, they figure out what a pachycephalosaurus looked like—from only the skull (true story). Table with a lot of possible dino parts, but the head is permanently attached. From what they know, the visitor uses investigation, math skills and reasoning to reconstruct the entire animal-just like scientists do

12. Questions?

13. Work It Out: Exercise in applying NGSS Engineering Practices Climate Change!

14. MS-ESS3-5 - ESS3.D Global Climate Change Asking Questions: How can there be global warming when Kentucky just had one of the coldest winters in years? That’s the problem to be solved

15. Gather all the information (core concepts ) • Global warming is in fact, “global” • Kentucky, with the rest of North America, is in the Northern Hemisphere • When its winter here its summer in the Southern Hemisphere • The Southern Hemisphere saw record heat this ‘winter’ • Not sure what else was going on in northern hemisphere

16. Explore the principals of weather and climate • Hot air rises; cold air sinks • Hot air causes low pressure areas; cold air causes high pressure areas • Different air temps, like different water temps, have different densities. Cold air is more dense than hot air • Air tends to move from areas of cold towards areas of heat • Warm water circulates from the equator towards the poles

17. We have the content, the data, the facts, the ideas….. But its just a conglomeration of somewhat disassociated information What next?

18. Global warming is in fact, “global” • When its winter here its summer in the Southern Hemisphere • The Southern Hemisphere saw record heat but while we and much of the US had record cold, there were other places in the northern hemisphere that were average or above normal • Hot air causes low pressure areas; cold air causes high pressure areas • Different air temps, like different water temps, have different densities. Cold air is more dense than hot air • Hot air rises; cold air sinks • Air tends to move from cold towards areas of heat- cold air moves towards hot air Group your data to start to see patterns-current events + basic weather principals start to reveal a story

19. Create a Model Could be as simple as sketching out how hot air and cold air interact Or perhaps an algorithm illustrating the If / THEN relationship

20. What else? A pie chart or bar graph could indicate global temperatures in different places – that’s computational thinking And a good model But you now have constructed a solution!!! That’s engineering put into practice

21. Science finds explanations Engineering finds solutions Now I know whyKentucky can have a cold winter even with global warming –and I can show you! Now I know how global warming works

22. Amplifying S.T.E.M. Throughout Kentucky…

23. TECHNOLOGY is not just the newest phone or computer… • What does the “T” in S.T.E.M. mean to you? ` What does TECHNOLOGY mean to the Kentucky Science Center?

26. TECHNOLOGY also means… • 3D printing with Gort • Bringing surgery into your • Classroom with Pulse of Surgery.

27. Offsite and Virtual Program Offerings from the Kentucky Science Center • Pulse of Surgery – Offered both onsite at our facility and offsite as we link in outside schools. • Distance Learning – We link to schools all over the country, offering a variety of science topics. • Captain Current VS The Electricity Vampires – this mobile outreach program has reached multiple counties and can engage an entire school for a full day of programming. • Offsite Classes – our in depth classes can come to you! A variety of themes all aligned with the common core and next generation standards. • After school programs – from after school curriculum enrichments to evening science festivals for the entire school.

31. Contact Information Kim Hunter– Director of Education and Experience: 502-560-, Kim.Hunter@louisvilleky.gov Mellisa Blankenship – Senior Manager of Fee-Based and Partnership Initiatives: 502-560-7164, Mellisa.Blankenship@louisvilleky.gov Felicia Alfred – Coordinator of Early Childhood Enrichment Programs: 502-560-7154, Felicia.Alfred@louisvilleky.gov Mira Gentry – Coordinator of Offsite and Fee Based Programs: 502-560-7126,Mira.Gentry@louisvilleky.gov Rachel Beck – Education Specialist: 502-560-7139, Rachel.Beck@louisvilleky.gov