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A movement Oct. 29, 2012 – Day 25

A movement Oct. 29, 2012 – Day 25. Introduction to Syntax ANTH 3590/7590 Harry Howard Tulane University. Course management. http://www.tulane.edu/~howard/ANTH3590/ We need to spend our $150 from the Provost ’ s Undergraduate Activities Fund. A-MOVEMENT. Radford §6.1-4.

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A movement Oct. 29, 2012 – Day 25

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  1. A movementOct. 29, 2012 – Day 25 Introduction to Syntax ANTH 3590/7590 Harry Howard Tulane University

  2. Course management • http://www.tulane.edu/~howard/ANTH3590/ • We need to spend our $150 from the Provost’s Undergraduate Activities Fund. ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

  3. A-MOVEMENT ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane Radford §6.1-4

  4. Recall preposition stranding CP C’ PRN who • Which categories have a specifier? • P, T, and C. • What is left out? • V. C [EF, TNS] ø TP ----- ---- will+ PRN he T’ VP T will ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane V refer PP P’ PRN who P [EF] to PRN who ------ ------

  5. SUBJECTS IN BELFAST ENGLISH ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane Radford §6.2

  6. Inductive introduction • Some data 1a) Some students should get distinctions. 2a) There should some students get distinctions. 3a) Should there some students get distinctions? 1a) Lots of students have missed the classes. 2b) There have lots of students missed the classes. 3b) Have there lots of students missed the classes? • Where is the subject in the clauses with there? • It cannot be in the specifier of T, because it is to the right of T, not to the left. • So we need a new spot, but there is a spot that has not been used yet. ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

  7. STRUCTURE FOR BELFAST ENGLISH THERE CLAUSES (6.4) CP C ø TP PRN there T’ ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane T should VP QP some students V' V get QP ø distinctions

  8. STRUCTURE FOR STANDARD ENGLISH CLAUSES (6.5) CP C ø TP QP some students T’ ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane T should VP QP some students V' ------- ----------- V get QP ø distinctions

  9. Supporting evidence from the scope of negation • 6a) Everyone hasn't finished the assignment yet. • What does this sentence mean? • = Not everyone has finished the assignment yet. • ≠ No-one has finished the assignment yet. • But everyone c-commands not, so (ii) is what it should mean. • But if the subject starts out in the specifier of V, it will be c-commanded by not, see the next slide. ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

  10. Negation has scope over VP if the subject starts out there CP C ø TP T’ QP everyone T did NegP ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane n’t Neg' VP Neg ø QP everyone V' V finish DetP the assignment -----------

  11. The VP-internal subject hypothesis • The subject of a clause originates in spec-V. • The movement of a nominal phrase as illustrated in the previous diagram is known as A-movement. ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

  12. IDIOMS, Radford §6.3 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane What is an idiom or idiomatic phrase?

  13. Inductive introduction • Examples of idioms 7a) Let's have a couple of drinks to break the ice. 7b) Be careful not to upset the applecart. 7c) The president must bite the bullet. • Can you change their parts? • #Let's have a couple of drinks to thaw the ice. • #Be careful not to upset the peachcart. • #The president must bite the gun. • No, you can’t change their parts. • They are a unit, in some sense. • What are their constituents? • Most consist of V + complement. ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

  14. SUBJECT IDIOMS • But there are a few which consist of subject + V (+ complement): 8a) All hell broke loose. 8b) The doo-doo hit the fan. 8c) The cat got your tongue. • Can you change their parts? • #Most hell broke loose. • #The feces hit the fan. • #The dog got your tongue. • No, the parts of subject idioms cannot be changed, either. ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

  15. One exception • But auxiliary verbs can intervene: 10a) All hell will break loose. 11a) The doo-doo might hit the fan. • If the subject of the idiom is in the specifier of V, the whole idiom can be introduced as a unit (VP) without being interrupted by an auxiliary verb, see next. ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

  16. STRUCTURE FOR SUBJECT IDIOMS (6.12) CP C ø TP QP all hell T’ ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane T will VP QP all hell V' ---------- V break AP loose

  17. ARGUMENT STRUCTURE & THEMATIC or Θ ROLES ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane Radford §6.4

  18. Table of thematic (Θ) roles (15) ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

  19. More examples of thematic (Θ) roles(15) • The FBI arrested Larry Luckless. • The suspect received a caution. • The audience enjoyed the play. • The president went to Boston. • They stayed in a hotel. • The noise came from the house. • AGENT, THEME • GOAL, THEME • EXPERIENCER, THEME • THEME, GOAL • THEME, LOCATIVE • THEME, SOURCE ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

  20. NEXT TIME ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane Continue with A movement

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