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Diffraction methods and electron microscopy FYS 4340 and FYS 9340 University of Oslo

Diffraction methods and electron microscopy FYS 4340 and FYS 9340 University of Oslo. FYS4340 and FYS9340. FYS4340 Theory based on ”Transmission electron microscopy” by D. B. Williams and C.B. Carter Part 1, 2 and standard imaging techniques (part 3) Practical training on the TEM FYS9340

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Diffraction methods and electron microscopy FYS 4340 and FYS 9340 University of Oslo

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  1. Diffraction methods and electron microscopy FYS 4340 and FYS 9340 University of Oslo

  2. FYS4340 and FYS9340 • FYS4340 • Theory based on ”Transmission electron microscopy” by D. B. Williams and C.B. Carter • Part 1, 2 and standard imaging techniques (part 3) • Practical training on the TEM • FYS9340 • Theory same as FYS4340 + additional papers related to TEM and diffraction. • Teaching training. • Perform practical demonstrations on the TEM for the master students.

  3. Additional web resources • http://nanohub.org/resources/3777 • Eric Stach (2008), ”MSE 528 Lecture 4: The instrument, Part 1, http://nanohub.org/resources/3907

  4. Members of the Structure Physics Group August, 2013 PhD students Girma Gardew Song Xin Martin Fleissner Sunding Fredrik Sydow Hage Per Harald Ninive, HiG Jørn Erik Olsen, IFE Permanent academic Clas Person, Professor Arne Olsen, Professor Anette E. Gunnæs, Ass. Prof. Øystein Prytz, Ass. Prof. Technical Ole Bjørn Karlsen, senior Stefano Rubino, head David Wormald, senior Researchers Kjetil Valset Espen Flage-Larsen, SINTEF Phuong Dan Nguyen Master students Helle Berg Bjørsom Andrey Kosinskiy Kenneth Kjeverud Strand Martin Normann Raluca Tofan Han Xi Roger Wold Adjunct academic staff Sabrina Sartori, IFE Bjørn Hauback, IFE Vidar Hansen, UiS Ole Martin Løvvik, SINTEF Annett Thøgersen, SINTEF Professor emeritus Johan Taftø Jon Gjønnes Tore Amundsen

  5. Permanent and adjunct scientific staff 2013 Experimental Synthesis Theory Anette Clas Ole Martin SINTEF Arne Ole Bjørn Bjørn IFE Vidar UiS Annett SINTEF Sabrina IFE Stefano David Øystein

  6. Halvleder fysikk FASE Internationale samarbeids partnere SINTEF Struktur IFE KTH NTNU Katalyse UiS 2013 Industri

  7. Forskningsparken Funksjonelle energi- relaterte materialer i Oslo.

  8. NORTEM The Norwegian Centre for Transmission Electron Microscopy LOOK X X X X X X LOOKED VISION OF NORTEM A world-class TEM centre providing access to expertise and state-of-the-art infrastructure for fundamental and applied research within the physical sciences in Norway.

  9. The NorTEM consortium

  10. NORTEM Financial investment Trondheim Granted 58 MNOK from the NRC October 2011, the partners contribute with 25 MNOK own share. Budget Equipment incl. rebuilding: 71 MNOK Running costs (next 5 years): 12 MNOK Total 83 MNOK Oslo With in-kind contributions the project is 116 MNOK

  11. NORTEM Instrumentation Level 1: State-of-the-art instrument Projects owned or planned by NORTEM research groups, include competence and technique development. External users will not generally operate these instruments. Level 2: Advanced instrument Operators with agreed needs get access after sufficient training and skills. Formalized training maintains quality and ensures effective use. Level 3: Standardized and routine TEM Many users require hands-on access to perform simple tasks, where analysis is routine or TEM is a minor activity in a project. Once a specific task is approved, users can be trained.

  12. NORTEM Instrumentation- level 1 and 2 Trondheim-node Oslo-node TITAN G2 60-300 kV With probe corrector and monochromator JEM ARM200F Cold FEG and double corrected JEM 2100F (trade in JEM 2010F) JEM 2100F (trade in JEM 2010F) UHR pole piece New, latest generation GIF NORAN detector Holography HR pole piece Moving GIF, US CCD, ASTAR, tomography and Oxford EDS from 2010F

  13. Imaging • The importance of imaging: • Information transfer • Spatial relations • Relates to mental images

  14. Imaging A picture is worth a thousand words… What is this? xxxx are spring-blooming perennials that grow from bulbs. Depending on the species, xxxx plants can grow as short as 4 inches (10 cm) or as high as 28 inches (71 cm). The xxxx's large flowers usually bloom on scapes or subscapose stems that lack bracts. Most xxxx produce only one flower per stem, but a few species bear multiple flowers on their scapes (e.g. xxxx turkestanica). The showy, generally cup- or star-shaped xxxx flower has three petals and three sepals, which are often termed tepals because they are nearly identical. These six tepals are often marked near the bases with darker colorings. xxxx flowers come in a wide variety of colors, except pure blue (several xxxx with "blue" in the name have a faint violet hue). The flowers have six distinct, basifixed stamens with filaments shorter than the tepals. Each stigma of the flower has three distinct lobes, and the ovaries are superior, with three chambers. The xxxx fruit is a capsule with a leathery covering and an ellipsoid to subglobose shape. Each capsule contains numerous flat, disc-shaped seeds in two rows per chamber. These light to dark brown seeds have very thin seed coats and endosperm that does not normally fill the entire seed. xxxx stems have few leaves, with larger species tending to have multiple leaves. Plants typically have 2 to 6 leaves, with some species having up to 12. The xxxx leaf is strap-shaped, with a waxy coating, and leaves are alternately arranged on the stem. These fleshy blades are often bluish green in color. Retrieved from wikipedia on 12.03.12

  15. Imaging Imaging is very important in research and in everyday’s life: How many households do not have a TV? Can you imagine an ID without a picture? How many papers are published without a figure? How many fields were born when new instruments could ”look” into new things? Microscopes, telescopes, CAT, NMR, infrared cameras, etc.

  16. Resolution Resolution: the size of the smallest object we can detect The problem with this definition: Atoms are too small to be detected by the naked eye. Matter is made of atoms. We cannot see matter. Resolution: the smallest distance between two objects so that we can detect them as separate Resolution of the human eye: ~2 mm at a distance of 6 m Limits: wavelenght, aberrations of lenses, S/N, stability lvisible: 400-700 nm l200keV: 2.5 pm Bohr radius: 53 pm

  17. Light Optical Microscope

  18. Scanning Electron Microscope e- Yeast Bone In a Scanning Electron Microscope a very small electron beam is used to probe the sample and create an image pixel by pixel What determines the resolution? detector Some regions interact more than others with the electron beam and produce a stronger signal (brighter)

  19. Transmission Electron Microscope TiN coating Au nanoparticle Gun EM lens

  20. Transmission Electron Microscope

  21. Electron-matter interactions E0=100~400 keV

  22. Energy levels 0 Empty states Valence/conduction band L2,3 L1 K KAB Ka2 Ka1 Density of States (DoS) E Continuum (vacuum) n, l, (j=l+s) EF 0 { 3d { M shell (18) 3p { 3s { 2p { L shell (8) 2s K shell (2) 1s

  23. Stability Air pressurevariations (from air conditioning, acoustics): < 5 Pa Room temperaturefluctuations: <0.1°C/30min and <0.05 °C/min

  24. The Titan room today

  25. The NorTEM Blog http://www.mn.uio.no/fysikk/english/research/groups/structure/blog-and-news/

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